Growth and Survival of Bacteria

Dawes, E. A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0803-4_2

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 373 publications

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“…It is not clear what factor caused this phenomenon; however, some trace minerals have been known to play an important role in bacterial metabolism (4). For example, Kim et al (12a) reported that cells of Leuconostoc mesenteroides on starvation media showed a greater cultivability in the presence of trace on May 9, 2018 by guest http://aem.asm.org/ present in distilled water (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Factors Influencing Survival of Legionella pneumophila Serotype 1 in Hot Spring Water and Tap Water

Ohno¹,

Kato

Yamada

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

108

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The factors involved in the survival of Legionella pneumophila in the microcosms of both hot spring water and tap water were studied by examining cultivability and metabolic activity. L. pneumophila could survive by maintaining metabolic activity but was noncultivable in all microcosms at 42°C, except for one microcosm with a pH of <2.0. Lower temperatures supported survival without loss of cultivability. The cultivability declined with increasing temperature, although metabolic activity was observed at temperatures of up to 45°C. The optimal range of pH for survival was between 6.0 and 8. The metabolic activity could be maintained for long periods even in microcosms with high concentrations of salt. The cultivability of organisms in the postexponential phase in a tap water microcosm with a low inoculum size was more rapidly reduced than that of organisms in the exponential phase. In contrast, the loss of cultivability in microcosms of a high inoculum size was significant in the exponential phase. Random(ly) amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of microcosms where cultivability was lost but metabolic activity was retained showed no change compared to cells grown freshly, although an effect on the amplified DNA band pattern by production of stress proteins was expected.Resuscitation by the addition of Acanthamoeba castellanii to the microcosm in which cultivability was completely lost but metabolic activity was maintained was observed only in part of the cell population. Our results suggest that L. pneumophila cell populations can potentially survive as free organisms for long periods by maintaining metabolic activity but temporarily losing cultivability under strict environments and requiring resuscitation by ingestion by amoebas.Legionella pneumophila, the organism that causes Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever, is a ubiquitous bacterium in natural or man-made aqueous environments and requires an intracellular environment of free-living amoebas for its replication (19). However, this pathogen is also known to survive as a free organism for long periods in low-nutrient environments under appropriate conditions (14, 15). Bacterial populations released in an aqueous environment are frequently exposed to stresses due to limitations and changes in nutrient availability, temperature, salinity, oxygen, and pH. To adapt to such a stressful environment, bacteria often enter a "temporarily noncultivable state," in which they regulate cell differentiation to adapt to such stresses and then resuscitate when environmental conditions become favorable for growth. This physical change is generally referred to as "viable but noncultivable," and some bacteria use this strategy (12). L. pneumophila cell populations that entered a noncultivable state in tap water were also reportedly resuscitated by injection into embryonated eggs (9) or by passage through Acanthamoeba castellanii (18).Japan is an eminently volcanic country, and hot springs are widespread. Japanese people enjoy a culture of bathing in hot springs, and recently ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Factors Influencing Survival of Legionella pneumophila Serotype 1 in Hot Spring Water and Tap Water

Ohno¹,

Kato

Yamada

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

108

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“…Nonetheless, a certain degree of variation is commonly tolerated, particularly as regards the accumulation of nutrient reserves. In ourselves, we can observe this as the spectrum ranging from morbid obesity to starvation, whereas in micro-organisms, reserve inclusions may constitute a substantial portion of the volume occupied by the cell 42 .…”

Section: Stoichiometric Constraints and Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 96%

Inceptions of Biomathematics from Lotka to Thom

Berg

2017

Science Progress

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Mathematical biology occupies a special place at the interface between the physical, mathematical and life sciences. Is this interface merely a meeting point for dabblers venturing out of their own proper domains to work on problems of mutual interest? Or is it an incipient science in its own right, with its own particular character, principles, and practices? The past century has seen vast advances in the application of mathematical and physical ideas and techniques to biological problems, in the process transforming many of them almost beyond recognition. Nonetheless, the question of a biomathematics as a new kind of science remains open, despite several fascinating, if sometimes problematic, attempts.

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“…Nutrient shortage in the environment induces an increase in the number of uncharged tRNAs in the cell, and as the ratio of uncharged to charged tRNA increases, the ribosome wastes a greater portion of its time interacting with uncharged tRNA, which leads to a stall of the ribosome, along with a production of small nucleotides called alarmones. These initiate the so-called stringent response characterised by a cessation of rRNA and tRNA synthesis and ribosome production, as well as by a decrease in protein and DNA synthesis and amino acid production 8,35 . Another stress response involves heat shock proteins that help the cell recover from physico-chemical challenges such as high temperatures, radiation damage, or exposure to corrosive chemicals 36 .…”

Section: Regulation Of Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where W ∈ R + is a suitable measure of biomass, x ∈ R p represents the internal state, u ∈ R q represents external conditions that affect growth and metabolism, µ is a function R p+q → R + , called the model, and the dot indicates differentiation with respect to time 35 . Here, W , x, and u are all allowed to be functions of time t. Classic models tend to be characterised by p = 0 or p = 1 (i. e. they have little or no structuring in terms of the internal state), by contrast, in fine-grained systems biology or in silico models, p may be on the order of many thousands 25 .…”

Section: Mathematical Models Of Microbial Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Models of Microbial Growth and Metabolism: A Whole-Organism Perspective

Nev

Berg

2017

Science Progress

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warwick.ac.uk/lib-publicationsOriginal citation: Nev, Olga and Berg, Hugo van den. (2017) Mathematical models of microbial growth and metabolism : a whole-organism perspective. Science Progress, 100 (4). pp. 343-362. Permanent WRAP URL:http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/89064 Copyright and reuse:The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. Publisher's statement:This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Science Reviews 2000 Ltd in Science Progresson 1 November 2017, available online: https://doi.org/10.3184/003685017X15063357842583 A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or, version of record, if you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the 'permanent WRAP URL' above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. ABSTRACTWe review the principles underpinning the development of mathematical models of the metabolic activities of micro-organisms. Such models are important to understand and chart the substantial contributions made by micro-organisms to geochemical cycles, and also to optimise the performance of bio-reactors that exploit the biochemical capabilities of these organisms. We advocate an approach based on the principle of dynamic allocation. We survey the biological background that motivates this approach, including nutrient assimilation, the regulation of gene expression, and the principles of microbial growth. In addition, we discuss the classic models of microbial growth as well as contemporary approaches. The dynamic allocation theory generalises these classic models in a natural manner and is readily amenable to the additional information provided by transcriptomics and proteomics approaches. Finally, we touch upon these organising principles in the context of the transition from the free-living unicellular mode of life to multicellularity.

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Growth and Survival of Bacteria

Cited by 33 publications

References 373 publications

Factors Influencing Survival of Legionella pneumophila Serotype 1 in Hot Spring Water and Tap Water

Factors Influencing Survival of Legionella pneumophila Serotype 1 in Hot Spring Water and Tap Water

Inceptions of Biomathematics from Lotka to Thom

Mathematical Models of Microbial Growth and Metabolism: A Whole-Organism Perspective

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