Growth and Yield of Pure and Mixed Crops of Oats and Barley

Abstract. Competition between six-row barley cv. Agneta and oats cv. Veli, and yield advantages of the mixtures were evaluated in a replacement series field experiment. The experiment was situated in a sloping area.Although barley was lower yielding (grain yield) than oats when the components were grown in monoculture, barley was dominant in all mixtures irrespective of the site. The competitive ability of barley decreased from the less productive site (top) to the more productive site (bottom). The improved competitive ability of oats was likely due to the faster early growth of oats.The grain yield of the mixture was about 4°70 (p >0.05) greater than the yield of the highest yielding component (oats) grown in monoculture on the more productive sites. The grain yield of the mixture was greater than the average yield of the pure stands and also the relative yield total exceeded one irrespective of the site.The grain weight of the species was independent of the genotypic structure of the stands. The protein content of oats was the highest, being greater in mixtures than in monocultures. The protein yield and the protein content of the mixture was between the values for pure stands.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

The effect of site on competition and yield advantages of mixtures of barley and oats

Jokinen

1991

“…Taylor 1978, Fejer et al 1982. In trying to combine the two species so that there was less mutual competition at critical stages, Syme and Bremner (1968) found that mixture yields did not exceed the better component and were usually similar to mid-component. As in the case of varietal mixtures also in most cases of mixtures of oats and barley the yield of the mixture is compared with the average of the yield of the monocultures.…”

Section: Characterization Of Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compensation seems to be the most common situation in mixtures of barley and oats, i.e. the competitive abilities of barley and oats differ(for example Salminen 1945, de Wit 1960, Syme and Bremner 1968, Fejer et al 1982). An analysis of relative yield total performed according to the de Wit model is also in most cases impossible because only the total yield of a mixture is reported.…”

Section: Characterization Of Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competition and yield advantage in barley-barley and barley-oats mixtures

Jokinen¹

1991

Competition and yield advantage in barley varietal mixtures and in barley-oats mixtures were investigated. The trials were based on replacement series, but in a few cases the overall density of the stand was varied on the basis of an addition series. Both models of competition, one based on the de Wit model and the other upon a linear regression model, agreed as to which component was the dominant and which was the subordinate in the mixture. The competition coefficients from regression analyses depicted competition between components better in a dense than in a sparse stand. The competitive ability of a genotype did not depend directly upon individual characters of the genotype, such as rate of initial development, earliness, culm height, tillering capacity or grain yield in monoculture (adaptation), A good combination of characters from the viewpoint of competition was provided by the barley cv. Arra with its rapid initial development and rapid culm growth (earliness), the variety being dominant irrespective of number of components in the mixture, stand density, level of nitrogen fertilization or growing season. This suggests that competitive relations and distribution of resources within a mixture are determined at an early stage in the growing period. In other cases the competitive ability of a genotype varied from one environment to another with the competitive relations between components being inconsistent. The dominance of an aggressor usually increased with increasing nitrogen fertilization especially when the total density of the stand was high. As a rule, competition affected all the components of yield with the kernel weight being least affected. The grain yield of varietal mixtures did not differ from the yield of the highest yielding component grown alone, i.e., mixtures did not over yield. The relative yield total of varietal mixtures was higher at low (RYT > 1) than at optimal densities (RYT =1). Also the relative yield total was higher under conditions where the nitrogen fertilization was not optimal. The results of a varietal trial repeated during three successive years indicated that the relative yield total of a given mixture varied from one growing season to another, fluctuating around unity. Thus highly adapted barley varieties appear to compete for the same resources, and the grain yield advantage of such mixtures is marginal. The results of the barley-oats mixture trials revealed that the mixture may over yield. The relative yield totals of barley-oats mixtures were usually equal to or greater than unity the latter suggesting that the mixtures of barley and oats may use resources more efficiently than monocultures, and some grain yield advantage could be achieved with such mixtures. The protein yield of the barley-oats mixtures did not differ from the yield of the highest yielding component grown alone. The ratio of actual and expected protein yield and the relative protein yield total were usually slightly greater than one. The grain yields of mixtures were not consistently more stable than monocultures as determined by the coefficient of variation.

“…Ontario provincial agricultural statistiscs show that mixed grain consistently outyielded pure stands as reported by Fejer et al (1982). In trying to combine the two species so that there was less mutual competition at critical stages, Syme and Bremner (1968) found that mixture yields did not exceed the better component and were usually similar to mid-component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition and yield performance in mixtures of oats and barley - nitrogen fertilization, density and proportion of the components

Jokinen

1991

Abstract. Competition and yield performance in mixtures of barley and oats were evaluated from addition series experiments (three experiments) in 1983 and in 1984. Three doses of nitrogen fertilization (10 kgN/ha, 40 kgN/ha and 80 kgN/ha) were applied. In the first year the components were Agneta barley and Veli oats and in 1984 in addition to the previous combination also Ida barley and Veli oats were included.The competitive relationship between components was analysed by replacement series model and by regression analysis. The results showed that the dominant component according to the regression analysis was also dominant according to the indices of the replacement series model independently of density and proportion.Barley was generally more competitivethan oats. The dominance of barley usually increased with increasing nitrogen fertilization, especially in the mixture of Agneta and Veli. All the yield components of the barley plants increased with the decreasing proportion of barley in the mixture.In 1983, some mixtures overyielded significantly (p<0.05). The relative yield total being usually greater than one indicated yield advantage. In 1984, oats suffered from insect damage and neither barley cultivar was able to compensate enough so no overyielding occurred. The relative yield total was lower than one and thus no yield advantage was achieved.