Growth and Yield Stability of Sweet Potato Clones across Four Locations in East Nusa Tenggara

Abstract

A number of promising sweet potato clones from East Nusa Tenggara and a checked cultivar were evaluated in several locations for the following objectives: 1) to elucidate genotype by environment effect on growth and yield of the sweet potato clones, and 2) to determine growth and yield stability of the clones across diverse locations in East Nusa Tenggara province. The study was carried out in four locations and was laid out in a Randomized Block Design consisting of 10 sweet potato genotypes as treatments and two replicates. Obtained data were subjected to combined analysis of variance to determine GxE interaction, followed by stability analysis based on joint regression model of Eberhart and Russell. Research results revealed that genotypes, locations and genotype by location interaction posed significant effect on the observed variables. Most of the evaluated clones were unstable for vegetative growth characters but were stable for tuber yield and yield components. The local clone LB-01 produced the highest mean tuber yield over all locations, averaging at 4.15 kg.plant -1 (~ 46.11 t.ha -1 ). Two local clones, i.e. ON-06 and LB-01, and the check cultivar Kidal were the most stable clones for tuber yield and yield components across diverse environments.

Agronomic performance and drought tolerance level of sweet potato hybrids grown in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

“…The F 1 clones UNC2016.Cil/JPV.04 and UNC2016.KDL/V1.CIL.01, respectively, showed the highest and the lowest number of secondary branches per plant, ranging from 5.7 to 11.5 branches per plant. Number of secondary branches per plant of the current study was not substantially different from that in orange-fleshed sweet potato observed by Rahman et al (2013) but the range was much wider than that found in local sweet potato of NTT Province (5-6 branches per plant) (Mau et al 2013) and the ILETRI germplasm collection (0.3-1.5 branches per plant) (Rahajeng and Rahayuningsih 2017a). The wider range of secondary branches per plant of the present study may indicate that the sweet potato genotypes evaluated possess a higher genetic diversity of the trait.…”

“…Vine length varied considerably from 55.7 cm (BETA-2) to 149 cm (UNC2016.PSOL/NPL.15) while leaf number per plant ranged from 160 (UNC2016.KDL/V1.CIL.01) to 368 (UNC2016.JPV/KDL.11). Most of the clones had a short to moderate vine length, much shorter than those observed in orange-fleshed sweet potato (117.3-253.3 cm) reported by Rahman et al (2013) and local sweet potatoes from NTT Province (115.9-216.4 cm) (Mau et al 2013). In contrast to vine length, leaf number per plant of the present study (160.3-366.5) was much higher (about three folds) than that observed in the local sweet potato from NTT Province (50.8-127.3 cm) (Mau et al 2013).…”

“…Most of the clones had a short to moderate vine length, much shorter than those observed in orange-fleshed sweet potato (117.3-253.3 cm) reported by Rahman et al (2013) and local sweet potatoes from NTT Province (115.9-216.4 cm) (Mau et al 2013). In contrast to vine length, leaf number per plant of the present study (160.3-366.5) was much higher (about three folds) than that observed in the local sweet potato from NTT Province (50.8-127.3 cm) (Mau et al 2013). A much wider range of vine length (90.3-283.8 cm) was reported in germplasm collection of Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute/ILETRI (Rahajeng and Rahayuningsih 2017a).…”

“…East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province is rich in sweet potato germplasm that can serve as gene source for the selection of desirable traits and also as the parental source in crossing program for the production of superior genotypes. Several local sweet potato clones from NTT Province have been studied in recent years, some of which showed desirable characters such as moderately tolerant to drought , moderate and stable yield across diverse environments (Mau et al 2013), moderately resistant to sweet potato weevil , and resistant to scab disease (Mau 2018). Despite the observed desirable traits possessed by the local sweet potato clones, there are still many limitations that need to be improved such as moderate yielding ability, low nutritional value, especially beta carotene and anthocyanin content, and lack of resistance to sweet potato weevil.…”

“…Several F 1 hybrid populations of sweet potato had been produced from crosses involving locally adapted clone NPL-01 and SBD-04 (Mau et al 2013;Mau et al 2016) and Indonesian released varieties Cilembu, Kidal, and Papua Solossa (BALITKABI 2016), as well as an introduction variety JPV. The results showed that some of the F 1 populations were able to produce tubers with varying flesh colors, i.e., white, yellow, orange, and purple (Mau et al 2016).…”