Growth Characteristics and Antibiotic Production of Actinomycetes Isolated From Littoral Sediments and Materials Suspended in Sea Water

Grein, A.; Meyers, Samuel P.

doi:10.1128/jb.76.5.457-463.1958

Cited by 61 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…As a result of their studies Freitas & Bhat concluded that the isolates were of marine origin. However, Grein & Meyers (1958), in a paper which will be discussed later, found that many terrestrial actinomycetes could tolerate high salinity, and Stapp ( I 953) also reported high halotolerances among terrestrial streptomycetes. Since Freitas & Bhat obtained most of their cultures from discarded netting and cordage, almost certainly contaminated with sand and soil, rather than from nets still in use, it is possible that their enrichment method for isolation merely selected halotolerant soil forms.…”

Section: Actinomycetes In Marine Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1975;Hutchinson 1977;Hookey et al 1980). (ii) Actinomycete growth on leaf litter and twigs in streams and lakes (Willoughby 1969a(Willoughby , 1971Raschke et al 1975;Makkar & Cross 1981) or seaweeds in the sea (Humm & Shepard 1946;Chesters et al 1956;Grein & Meyers 1958). (iii) Growth of Streptomyces species on strips of chitin submerged in streams (Aumen I98 1).…”

Section: Aquatic Actinomycetes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Aquatic Actinomycetes: A Critical Survey of the Occurrence, Growth and Role of Actinomycetes in Aquatic Habitats

Cross

1981

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

119

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Section: Actinomycetes In Marine Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aquatic Actinomycetes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic Actinomycetes: A Critical Survey of the Occurrence, Growth and Role of Actinomycetes in Aquatic Habitats

Cross

1981

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

119

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“…The washing buffer was 112 mM NaCl, 5 mM EDTA (pH 8.0), 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), and 0.02% (wt/vol) sodium dodecyl sulfate. (5) In preparation for the tyramide signal amplification step, the filter pieces were shortly dried on a blotting paper before incubation in PBS with 0.05% Triton X-100 for 15 min at low agitation. The filter sections were shortly dried and transferred to the tyramide substrate mix (2 ll Cy3or fluorescein-labelled tyramide stock solution (1 lg ll À1 ); NEN Life Science Products, Boston, MA, USA) and 200 ll diluted amplification buffer (PBS containing 0.0015% H 2 O 2 and 0.1% blocking reagent) for 10 min at 37°C.…”

Section: Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization With Catalyzed Reporter Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance of actinobacteria and production of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in Danish streams and fish ponds

Klausen¹,

Nicolaisen²,

Strobel³

et al. 2005

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Occurrence of the odours geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) in freshwater environments indicates that odour-producing organisms are commonly occurring. In the present study, we assumed actinomycetes to be a major source of the odours. Seasonal concentrations of odours and abundance of Actinobacteria, which includes actinomycetes and other G+ and high GC bacteria, were determined in one oligotrophic and two eutrophic freshwater streams, as well as in aquacultures connected to these streams, in Denmark. Concentrations of geosmin and MIB ranged from 2 to 9 ng l(-1) and were lowest in the winter. Passage of stream water in the aquacultures increased the amount of geosmin and MIB by up to 55% and 110%, respectively. Densities of actinobacteria were determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization with catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD-FISH) technique and were found to make up from 4 to 38 x 10(7) cells l(-1), corresponding to 3-9% of the total bacterial populations. The lowest densities of actinobacteria occurred in the winter. Filamentous bacteria targeted by the FISH probe made up about 2.7-38% (average was 22%) of the actinobacteria and were expected to be actinomycetes. Combined microautoradiography and CARD-FISH demonstrated that 10-38% (incorporation of 3H-thymidine) and 41-65% (incorporation of 3H-leucine) of the actinobacteria were metabolically active. The proportion of active actinobacteria increased up to 2-fold during passage of stream water in the aquacultures, and up to 98% of the cells became active. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in 8 bacterial isolates with typical actinomycete morphology from the streams and ponds demonstrated that most of them belonged to the genus Streptomyces. The isolated actinomycetes produced geosmin at rates from 0.1 to 35 aggeosmin bacterium(-1)h(-1). MIB was produced at similar rates in 5 isolates, whereas no MIB was produced by three of the isolates. Addition of the odours to stream water demonstrated that indigenous stream bacteria were capable of reducing the odours, and that enrichment with LB medium stimulated the degradation. Our study shows that bacterial communities in freshwater include geosmin- and MIB-producing actinobacteria. However, the mechanisms controlling production as well as degradation of the odours in natural waters appear complex and require further research.

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“…Several investigators have suggested that the causative agent of viral inactivation was proteolytic bacterial enzymes (Toranzo et al 1982(Toranzo et al , 1983Ward et al 1986;Knowlton and Ward 1987), but few compounds with antiviral action have been isolated from microorganisms in aquatic environments. Most reports are limited to antibiotics active against bacteria or fungi (Rosenfeld and Zobell 1947;Grein and Meyers 1958;Burkholder et al 1966;Doggett 1968;Ballester et al 1977;Wratten et al 1977;Lemos et al 1985). Most bacteria that produce antiviral substances are actinomycetes isolated from marine mud (Okazaki and Okami 1972;Okazaki et al 1975;Okami et al 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Antiviral Agent (46NW-04A) Produced byPseudomonassp. and Its Activity against Fish Viruses

Kondo

Yoshimizu

Ezura

et al. 1990

Journal of Aquatic Animal Health

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Abs/raa.-The antiviral agent 46NW·04A was isolated and characterized from cell-free culture fluid of PseutiomofUJS sp. 46NW.Q4 isolated fro m the aquatic environment. Production of the antiviral substance was muimal at 25"C during days 2-3 of bacterial incubation. Extraction from )0 L of culture fluid by ethyl acetate and purification by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel resulted in 709 mg of the purified antiviral material. Molecular weight of this substance was 1, 126 by secondary ionization mass spectrometry, and chemical propenies suggested that 46NW-04A was a peptide. Its antiviral activity, measured as the concentration causing 100'Ib plaque reduction, was 25 ~g/mL against Oncorhynchus masou virus and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. However, no antiviral activity was obscrved against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus al Ihe concentrations tested. Pseudomonas sp. 46NW-04 was identified as Pseudomonasfluorescens biGva r I.

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Growth Characteristics and Antibiotic Production of Actinomycetes Isolated From Littoral Sediments and Materials Suspended in Sea Water

Cited by 61 publications

References 10 publications

Aquatic Actinomycetes: A Critical Survey of the Occurrence, Growth and Role of Actinomycetes in Aquatic Habitats

Aquatic Actinomycetes: A Critical Survey of the Occurrence, Growth and Role of Actinomycetes in Aquatic Habitats

Abundance of actinobacteria and production of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in Danish streams and fish ponds

An Antiviral Agent (46NW-04A) Produced byPseudomonassp. and Its Activity against Fish Viruses

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