Growth, condition, and survival of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas cultivated within and outside a subtropical lagoon

Chávez‐Villalba, Jorge; Arreola-Lizárraga, José Alfredo; Burrola-Sánchez, Sara; Hoyos‐Chairez, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.01.012

Cited by 44 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In most oyster cultivation systems, the shellfish are always completely immersed and, thus, lack the physiologic mechanisms to survive during long periods of exposure to air (6,19). Moreover, the better trophic conditions and higher availability of feed common in the extraction sites promote higher nutritional reserves (such as lipids and glycogen) in oyster tissues (14). On the other hand, according to Fratini et al (25), submersed oysters in cultivations usually invest more energy in shell production, possibly to protect themselves against stressors of the environment, such as water currents and predators.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Microbiological Quality of Mangrove Oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana) during Different Storage Conditions

Montanhini

Neto

2015

Journal of Food Protection

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This study aimed to determine the effect of temperature and period of postharvest storage on the microbiological quality and shelf life of raw mangrove oysters, Crassostrea brasiliana. A total of 150 dozen oysters were collected directly from the points of extraction or cultivation in southern Brazil, and in the laboratory, they were stored raw at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25°C for 1, 4, 8, 11, and 15 days. On each of these days, the oysters were subjected to microbiological analyses of aerobic mesophilic count, total coliforms, enterococci, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella. None of the tested samples under any storage condition showed contamination levels above those allowed by Brazilian legislation for E. coli, S. aureus, and Salmonella, and there was no change (P > 0.05) in the counts of these microorganisms due to the temperature and/or period of oyster storage. Counts of enterococci and total coliforms showed a tendency to increase (P < 0.05) among the different temperatures tested. Raw mangrove oysters remain in safe microbiological conditions for consumption up to 8 days after harvesting, regardless of temperature, and their shelf life may be extended to 15 days if they are stored at temperatures not exceeding 15°C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Microbiological Quality of Mangrove Oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana) during Different Storage Conditions

Montanhini

Neto

2015

Journal of Food Protection

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“…Chávez-Villalba et al, 2010;Delmendo, 1998;Goulletquer, 1998;Handley & Jeffs, 2003), however, none of these publications give attention to "real" offshore conditions as defined by Ryan (2005) and Buck (2007) for open-ocean or offshore aquaculture, namely a high-energy environment with strong currents and high waves. Therefore, no data on offshore farming of oysters among those conditions were available so far to allow comparison of the results of our test animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Survival rates for both oyster species (N99% in 2007) were very high and appropriate for the culture of marine organisms and are rarely achieved in commercial oyster aquaculture production (Chávez-Villalba et al, 2010;Costil et al, 2005;Soletchnik et al, 2006;Valero, 2006). High survival or low mortality rates of Pacific oysters have also been reported for wild banks in the German Wadden Sea (Diederich, 2006;Schmidt et al, 2008) and for oyster cultures in South Australia (Li et al, 2009).…”

Section: Survival Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth performance and condition of oysters (Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis) farmed in an offshore environment (North Sea, Germany)

2011

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Aquaculture production plays an increasingly important role to meet the global demand for aquatic products and expands continuously. Most mariculture organisms are produced in coastal areas, where space is scarce and user conflicts exist. For extensive cultures farming off the coast at offshore sites could be a solution to eliminate these problems and facilitate further expansion of environmentally sustainable aquaculture. The aim of this study was to examine the biological adequacy of two candidate species for ostreiculture, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Growth rates, condition and mortality in offshore environments were investigated by transferring oyster spat of both species to 4 different sites in 2004 and 2007. Samples were taken every six to eight weeks from April to October and length, width, height and dry mass were measured as well as the Condition Index (CI = dry mass meat •100/dry mass shell) was calculated. Results show that both oyster species grow successfully in a high-energy environment. Mean growth rates are similar to those measured in individuals from coastal habitats (wild banks and cultures) and the CI shows seasonal variation in both species. The survival rate for both species was N 99% in 2007. However, in the previous trial in 2004 a high mortality rate was observed for O. edulis at one single site at the end of the experiment. Differences were observed in the increase of shell length and dry mass between sites and size classes. Taking these results into account site-selection criteria for different offshore locations are presented. We conclude that offshore cultivation of oysters will be successful if site-selection criteria are examined carefully when choosing a location for offshore aquaculture.

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“…Within the Breede River estuary, there was no evidence of physiological depletion (a condition observed by Chávez-Villalba et al 2010) among Pacific oysters at the upriver end of the expanded range. Indeed, these oysters had higher dry meat:shell mass ratios (DWCI values) than those found downstream.…”

Section: Body Condition Suggests Upriver Food Sources In the Breede Rmentioning

confidence: 88%

Introduced Pacific oystersCrassostrea gigasin South Africa: demographic change, genetic diversity and body condition

Keightley

Heyden

Jackson

2015

African Journal of Marine Science

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Successful aquaculture species are often chosen for their fast growth rates and fecundity, which are also characteristics of invasive species. The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, which constitutes 80% of global oyster trade, has been confirmed as invasive in 17 of the 66 countries where it is cultured. The single study of its status in South Africa reported populations in six South Coast estuaries in 2001, dropping to three sites in 2003. We resurveyed these estuaries, visited others in the Eastern and Western Cape provinces, and sampled oyster tissue for molecular analyses of population structure. Pacific oysters have disappeared from Knysna and, following our collections, possibly also from the GouKou Estuary. Between 2003 and 2012, the Breede Estuary population decreased by 87%, from an estimated 184 206 to 23 760 individuals. Within this estuary, oysters 12 km upriver had denser shells and higher body condition indices than did those within 1.4 km of the river mouth, presumably reflecting higher availability of suspended organic matter. However, low salinity over most of the species' range in the estuary probably inhibits recruitment. New populations of Pacific oysters in the Swartkops and Kaaimans estuaries urgently require monitoring and eradication. Haplotype (h) and nucleotide (π) diversities across all oyster populations sampled (h = 0.2300 [SD 0.0595], π = 0.0006 [SD 0.0007]) were lower than those of co-occurring indigenous Cape rock oysters Striostrea margaritacea from the GouKou and Breede estuaries (h = 0.9076 [SD 0.0386], π = 0.00589 [SD 0.00347]). Pacific oysters either have been introduced to South African estuaries infrequently, or have experienced genetic bottlenecks following river floods or human exploitation, or both. Populations growing outside culture infrastructure are restricted to estuaries in the Eastern and Western Cape provinces, with no evidence of occurrence in fully marine shelf environments. Given the species' considerable socio-economic importance, estuarine and coastal surveillance coupled with aquaculture zoning are required to integrate biodiversity and food security considerations.

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Growth, condition, and survival of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas cultivated within and outside a subtropical lagoon

Cited by 44 publications

References 31 publications

Changes in the Microbiological Quality of Mangrove Oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana) during Different Storage Conditions

Changes in the Microbiological Quality of Mangrove Oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana) during Different Storage Conditions

Growth performance and condition of oysters (Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis) farmed in an offshore environment (North Sea, Germany)

Introduced Pacific oystersCrassostrea gigasin South Africa: demographic change, genetic diversity and body condition

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