Growth, crown architecture and leaf dynamics of saplings of five mangrove tree species in Ranong, Thailand

Imai, Noriko; Takyu, Masaaki; Nakamura, Yukito

doi:10.3354/meps07859

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Across the various treatments, on average, there were speciesspecific differences in stem extension rates, with A. marina nearly always exhibiting the fastest growth, followed by R. apiculata, X. moluccensis, B. gymnorrhiza, and C. tagal (Table 1). This species order for growth agrees with those obtained in other experimental studies (Tamai and Iampa 1988, Duarte et al 1999, Pinzo´n et al 2003, Imai et al 2009). These intrinsic differences among species may also partially help to explain spatial patterns and patch dynamics over time.…”

Section: Growth Responses To Different Rates Of Iron Supplysupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The outdoor mesocosms used here mimicked in situ conditions well, as evidenced by the similarity in growth rates of these species to those measured in natural forests (Saenger 2002, Alongi 2009, Imai et al 2009). The use of clean sand in the first two experiments did not equate to natural conditions, but minimized potential confounding effects from microbial transformations of iron, sulfur, and phosphorus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Dissolved iron supply limits early growth of estuarine mangroves

Alongi

2010

Ecology

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Three mesocosm experiments were performed in an outdoor facility to quantify the responses of five mangrove species grown from seedling to sapling stage to increasing rates of dissolved iron supply. Stem extension and biomass of mangroves were measured in the first two experiments, and in the third experiment, rates of microbial iron reduction were measured in relation to stem extension of two mangrove species. In all experiments, mangrove growth was enhanced by increasing iron supply, although some species showed iron toxicity at the higher supply rates. In the first two experiments, stem extension rates of Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Xylocarpus moluccensis best fit Gaussian curves with maximal growth at supply rates of 50-60 mmol Fe x m(-2) x d(-1), whereas growth of Avicennia marina and Ceriops tagal increased to the highest rate (100 mmol Fe x m(-2) x d(-1)) of iron supply. Changes in leaf chlorophyll concentrations and iron content of roots mirrored the growth responses. In the third experiment, rates of microbial iron reduction were greater with R. apiculata and A. marina than in controls without plants; for both species, there was a positive relationship between stem extension and iron reduction. The rates of iron reduction and rates of iron supplied to the plants were well within the range of interstitial iron concentrations and rates of iron reduction found in the natural mangrove soils from which the seedlings were obtained. The responses of these species show that mangroves growing from seedling to sapling stage have a strong nutritional requirement for iron, and that there is a close relationship between plant roots and the activities of iron-reducing bacteria. These results suggest that mangrove growth may be limited in some natural forests by the rate at which iron is solubilized by iron-reducing bacteria. Such biogeochemical conditions have significant implications for successful recruitment, establishment, and early growth of mangroves.

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Section: Growth Responses To Different Rates Of Iron Supplysupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Dissolved iron supply limits early growth of estuarine mangroves

Alongi

2010

Ecology

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“…According to Wang and Lin (1999), the life span of B. gymnorhiza leaves in China is approximately 9 or 10 months. Leaf longevity of seedlings of this species growing in gaps and closed canopies in Thailand is 1.53 and 1.41 years, respectively (Imai et al 2009); these values in seedlings can be attributed to low rates of leaf loss and high levels of leaf production. Wright et al (2004) recorded leaf longevity for as little as a few weeks for some herbaceous species and 20 years or more for some woody species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of seasonal foliage dynamics of the subtropical mangrove species Rhizophora stylosa Griff. growing at the northern limit of its distribution

et al. 2014

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Background: Progress of forest production in response to the environment requires a quantitative understanding of leaf area development. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the dynamics of seasonal crown foliage in order to understand the productivity of mangroves, which play an important role in the subtropical and tropical coastlines of the world. Method: Crown foliage dynamics of the mangrove Rhizophora stylosa were studies to reveal patterns of leaf recruitment, survival and seasonal leaf area growth. Results: Flushing of leaves occurred throughout the year, but both flushing and leaf area growth pattern of leaves varied with season. Maximum flushing occurred in summer, but leaf areas did not differ significantly with season. The half-expansion period is longer, and the intrinsic rate of increase was lower in winter. Summer flushed leaves grew faster at their initial stage and reached their maximum area over a shorter period of time. The difference in temperature and air vapor pressure deficit (VPD) between summer and winter contributed to the present dynamics of foliage patterns. The mean leaf longevity was estimated to be 13.1 month. The crown foliage area was almost stable throughout the year. Conclusions: Homeostatic control of the crown foliage area may be accompanied by the existence of ecophysiological mechanisms in R. stylosa. Integrating crown foliage dynamics into forest models represents an important step towards incorporating physiological mechanisms into the models for predicting growth responses to environmental changes and for understanding the complex responses of tree growth and litter production.

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“…It is also a fast‐growing species (Imai et al. ). Previous plantations in the context of Mikoko Pamoja include a monospecific R. mucronata stand and a young A. marina stand, which represent a better choice for management solely considering the amount of carbon per volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, in the case of the carbon offsetting project Mikoko Pamoja, S. alba was chosen because of its tolerance to exposed conditions in order to prevent further erosion of an already degraded beach front (Huxham 2013, Tomlinson 2016. It is also a fast-growing species (Imai et al 2009). Previous plantations in the context of Mikoko Pamoja include a monospecific R. mucronata stand and a young A. marina stand, which represent a better choice for management solely considering the amount of carbon per volume.…”

Section: Implications For Carbon Stock Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter‐ and intraspecific variation in mangrove carbon fraction and wood specific gravity in Gazi Bay, Kenya

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The tropical mangrove ecosystem harbors great potential for carbon offsetting schemes because of their exceptionally high carbon sequestration potential. These cannot only generate an income for local communities by financially compensating for the non-exploitation of protected or replanted stands, but also simultaneously reduce emissions due to forest degradation and deforestation, thereby helping to counteract the global threat on these forests. As carbon is directly monetized through offsetting carbon emissions, accurate species-specific estimation of carbon content in trees is essential and reduces the propagation of errors generated by accounting uncertainties. Accordingly, this study assessed variation in both carbon fraction and wood specific gravity among and within the 10 mangrove species occurring in Gazi Bay, Kenya. Significant interspecific differences were found with values ranging from 45.8% (Avicennia marina) to 49.8% (Ceriops tagal) for carbon fraction and from 0.58 (Sonneratia alba) to 0.93 (Pemphis acidula) for wood specific gravity. The influence of environmental factors (soil salinity, stand density, and elevation a.s.l. as a proxy for multiple interrelated conditions) was investigated, but only elevation a.s.l. appeared to have a species-specific though moderate influence only on carbon fraction. Significant differences in carbon fraction and wood specific gravity were found between stem, aerial roots, and branches of Rhizophora mucronata. In contrast, no significant differences in carbon fraction were found among different stem tissues of A. marina, C. tagal and R. mucronata, the Bay's most abundant species. These results provide insight in carbon content variation, confirming the importance of considering species-specific or even sitespecific values of carbon fraction and wood specific gravity, thereby rendering future carbon accounting more accurate.

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Growth, crown architecture and leaf dynamics of saplings of five mangrove tree species in Ranong, Thailand

Cited by 10 publications

References 53 publications

Dissolved iron supply limits early growth of estuarine mangroves

Dissolved iron supply limits early growth of estuarine mangroves

A model of seasonal foliage dynamics of the subtropical mangrove species Rhizophora stylosa Griff. growing at the northern limit of its distribution

Inter‐ and intraspecific variation in mangrove carbon fraction and wood specific gravity in Gazi Bay, Kenya

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