Growth, digestibility, and enzyme activities in the pancreas and intestines of guinea-pigs fed on raw and heated soya-bean flour

Abstract

~~ -The nutritional effects of giving raw (RSF) or heated (HSF) soya-bean flour to young guinea-pigs were investigated in trials 1 and 2, in which the levels of dietary protein were 120 and 190 g/kg diet respectively. The growth rate of animals fed on RSF was lower than that of those fed on HSF. Growth retardation of guinea-pigs fed on RSF was accompanied by a lower apparent digestibility of the protein (0.49-0.53) compared with HSF (067-0-76) and lower food conversion efficiency. In RSF-fed animals, increasing dietary protein affected growth and food conversion efficiency negatively. The pancreas of animals fed on RSF and HSF was similar in weight but secreted less trypsin, chymotrypsin and amylase, in RFS-fed animals. It was concluded that the mechanism by which raw soya-bean negatively affects the growth rate of guinea-pigs by reducing the activity of intestinal enzymes, differs from that suggested for rats and chicks, but is similar to that of pigs and calves.

Nutritional outcome and immunocompetence in mice fed on a diet containing raw field beans (Vicia faba, var. minor) as the source of protein

“…Conversely, a relative hypertrophy was found in thymus and spleen of the legume-fed mice, which could be explained, at least in part, by an immune reaction to antigenic proteins occurring in the seeds, as previously suggested (Bell et al 1978;Sissons et al 1989). Furthermore enlargement of pancreas and intestine induced by feeding legume diets has been reported in rats and guinea-pigs (Oliveira et al 1988;Hasdai et al 1989).…”

“…The possible involvement of several ANF such as polyphenols, protease inhibitors, lectins, etc., in the process of growth retardation has been reported (Eggum, 1986;Gupta, 1987;Oliveira et ul. 1988;Hasdai et al 1989), and has been attributed to a decrease in whole-body protein synthesis rather than changes in protein breakdown (Martinez et al 1987). In this context, it has also been reported repeatedly that the inclusion of raw legumes as the source of protein brings about a number of biochemical and physiological alterations (Gupta, 1987;, such as impairment of exocrine pancreatic function (Hasdai et a/.…”

“…1988;Hasdai et al 1989), and has been attributed to a decrease in whole-body protein synthesis rather than changes in protein breakdown (Martinez et al 1987). In this context, it has also been reported repeatedly that the inclusion of raw legumes as the source of protein brings about a number of biochemical and physiological alterations (Gupta, 1987;, such as impairment of exocrine pancreatic function (Hasdai et a/. 1989) and intestinal digestibility (Villanueva et af.…”

“…1989), lower nitrogen balances (Martinez & Larralde, 1984;Keith & Bell, 1988;Huisman et al 1990h) and inhibition of some pancreatic activities (Crass ~f a/. 1987; Hasdai et al 1989).…”

Fatores antinutricionais: inibidores de proteases e lectinas

“…Os resultados da pesquisa de Grant et al (1988) com ratos alimentados com proteína de soja mostraram considerável aumento do tamanho do pâncreas dos animais. Diferentemente de ratos e galinhas, a ingestão de farinha de soja e feijão crus por porcos da Índia, bezerros, cachorros e porcos não provoca hipertrofia pancreática, contudo, observa-se hiposecreção das enzimas pancreáticas e sérica, depressão do ganho de peso corporal ou perda de peso de animais (Hasdai et al, 1989).…”