Growth, essential oil content, chemical composition and antioxidant properties of lemongrass as affected by harvest period and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in field conditions

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alter antifungal potential of lemongrass essential oil against Fusarium solani, causing root rot in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

“…Our data unveiled a significantly higher biological yield and mycorrhizal dependency in mycorrhizal lemongrass compared to uninoculated ones. The obtained data are in agreement with our previous data indicating an accumulated biomass in mycorrhizal lemongrass compared to non-inoculated control ( Fokom et al, 2019 ), and further lay emphasis on the impact of AMF in improving the growth of many higher plants on earth ( Ngakou et al, 2007 ; Nana et al, 2015b ; Gomoung et al, 2017 ). Tentative explanation of such trait has pointed out foremost mycorrhiza (up to 43% colonization rate relative to the normal control) with their subsequent established repercussion on plant fitness.…”

“…Lemongrass EOs for instance has earlier been credited with hypocholesterolemy, antimutagenic, antiprotozoal, cytoprotection, antioxidation, and antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activities in addition to their antifungal potentials ( Vazquez-Briones et al, 2015 ). The overall activities being more often related to their composition in neral, citral and geranial as major components ( Adukwu et al, 2016 ; Fokom et al, 2019 ). At the moment, clear mechanism of action undergone by any of these phytochemicals are still to be demonstrated but, it is well-known that EOs oftentimes act by disrupting the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane of fungi and bacteria, leading to leakage of intracellular compounds and probably cell death by lysis.…”

“…The on-site soil is a Sandy-clay-loam complex. The other physiochemical characteristics included; Organic matter (3.62%), C/N ratio (20.5), cation exchange capacity (29 meq/100 g) and pH of 5.2 ( Fokom et al., 2019 ). Maize straw and weeds were removed and the field was plowed using the conventional manual hoe-ploughing tillage system to approximately 15–20 cm depth.…”

“…A straight relationship has indeed been drawn between Mycorrhizae frequency and the quantitative and qualitative changes in the EOs production of numerous aromatic plants including but not limited to Ocimum basilicum ( Copetta et al, 2006 ), Mentha arvensis ( Freitas et al, 2004 ), Mentha piperita ( Mucciarelli et al, 2003 ) and Chrysopogon zizanioides ( Adams et al, 2003 ). Recently, a preliminary field experiment conducted in the framework of this study, aiming to screen out the effects of harvest periods and a local AMF inoculum on C. citratus EO's yield and quality as well as biomass production unveiled an accumulated biomass and a deep shift in the chemical composition ( Fokom et al, 2019 ). We thus anticipated that EO from mycorrhizal lemongrass plants could bear improved antifungal potential towards F. solani , a recently described virulent bean root rot causing fungus in Cameroon.…”

Preparation of modified paints with nano-structured additives and its potential applications

“…34,36,[40][41][42][43][44][45] Current study proposed the use of Cymbopogon citratus (commonly known as lemongrass) leaf extract as reducing of metal precursors and capping agent, due to the high content of phytochemicals such as neral, citral, geranial, pinito, allantoin flavonoids, hydrocarbons, waxy esters, sterol esters, ketones, aldehydes, terpenoids, phenols, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, among others. [46][47][48][49][50][51][52] This plant is widely available in tropical and semitropical environment zones throughout Asia, Africa, and South America. 53,54 Therefore, lemongrass leaves were proposed to be part of the raw material in the synthesis of TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles since they are easily found in the Department of Bolivar (Cartagena, Colombia) and are no part of the food chain.…”