Growth factors and management technique used in relation to the developmental rhythm and yield formation pattern of a pure grass stand

Pulli, Seppo

doi:10.23986/afsci.72036

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…The herbage DM accumulation rates in primary growth were slightly less than those reported by Bélanger and Richards (1997) but again similar to or higher than those of timothy-meadow fescue mixtures in Finland (0.0015-0.0040 Mg DM ha -1 °C d [Pulli, 1980] and 0.0028 Mg DM ha -1 °C d [Kuoppala et al, 2008]). The lower herbage DM accumulation rates of timothy regrowth in Finland compared to that reported for eastern Canada or southern Norway could be at least partially related to a water stress.…”

Section: Herbage Dry Matter Accumulationsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The herbage DM accumulation rates in primary growth were slightly less than those reported by Bélanger and Richards (1997) (0.0132 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) and Bélanger et al (2008) (0.0125 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) for timothy in eastern Canada but similar to those of timothy–meadow fescue ( Festuca pratensis Huds.) mixtures in Finland reported by Pulli (1980) (0.0100 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) and Kuoppala et al (2008) (0.0093 Mg DM ha −1 °C d). In the regrowth, however, the herbage DM accumulation rate of timothy (0.0046 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) was clearly lower than that reported by Bélanger and Richards (1997) (0.0079 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) or Höglind et al (2005) (approximately 0.0095–0.0117 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) but again similar to or higher than those of timothy–meadow fescue mixtures in Finland (0.0015–0.0040 Mg DM ha −1 °C d [Pulli, 1980] and 0.0028 Mg DM ha −1 °C d [Kuoppala et al, 2008]).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…mixtures in Finland reported by Pulli (1980) (0.0100 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) and Kuoppala et al (2008) (0.0093 Mg DM ha −1 °C d). In the regrowth, however, the herbage DM accumulation rate of timothy (0.0046 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) was clearly lower than that reported by Bélanger and Richards (1997) (0.0079 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) or Höglind et al (2005) (approximately 0.0095–0.0117 Mg DM ha −1 °C d) but again similar to or higher than those of timothy–meadow fescue mixtures in Finland (0.0015–0.0040 Mg DM ha −1 °C d [Pulli, 1980] and 0.0028 Mg DM ha −1 °C d [Kuoppala et al, 2008]). The lower herbage DM accumulation rates of timothy regrowth in Finland compared to that reported for eastern Canada or southern Norway could be at least partially related to a water stress.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Tiller Characteristics of Timothy and Tall Fescue in Relation to Herbage Mass Accumulation

et al. 2012

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Herbage dry matter (DM) yield of grasses is a function of the density and size of vegetative (VEG), generative (GEN), and elongating vegetative (ELONG) tillers. We determined the contribution of these tbree tiller types to DM yield accumulation along with their main morphological characteristics on three sampling dates during each of the primary growth and the regrowth of field-grown swards of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Scbreb.). Our results provide the first quantitative characterization of ELONG tillers, which contributed to timothy DM yield by up to 28% in primary growth and 58% in regrowth. In tall fescue, VEG tillers were dominant in primary growth and regrowth (74 to 100% of DM yield). The GEN tillers were dominant (67 to 74% of DM yield) in the primary growth of timothy while in the regrowth, VEG tillers were dominant early (84% of DM yield) but ELONG tillers represented 58% of DM yield later on. Timothy and tall fescue had similar rates of DM accumulation. The greater DM yield on all sampling times of the regrowth of tall fescue confirms a greater growth before the first sampling, most likely due to the greater proportion of VEG tillers. The GEN tillers were large with low leaf to weight ratio (LWR) and proportion of attached senesced material whereas VEG tillers were small with high LWR and large proportion of attached senesced material. The ELONG tillers were intermediate in size and LWR but they had a low proportion of attached senesced material.

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Section: Herbage Dry Matter Accumulationsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Tiller Characteristics of Timothy and Tall Fescue in Relation to Herbage Mass Accumulation

et al. 2012

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“…Meadow fescue has been studied relatively extensively in Finland as an important forage species for northern latitudes in both pure and mixed swards (Jäntti, 1953; Raininko, 1968; Hiivola et al. , 1974; Mela, 1974; Pulli, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield profile of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) in comparison with meadow fescue (F. pratensis) in Finland

Niemeläinen

Jauhiainen

Miettinen

2001

Grass and Forage Science

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Yield profile characteristics of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), cv. Retu, were compared with those of meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.). The study was conducted in Finland and was based on official variety trial data recorded between 1980 and 1998 at 17 trial sites between latitudes 60° and 66°N. The crops were managed according to silage‐cutting regimes. The pattern of yield formation of the tall fescue cv. Retu differed significantly from that of meadow fescue cultivars, both within a growing season as well as in sward age. Tall fescue cv. Retu established slowly, and the dry‐matter (DM) yield from the first cut, made in the first year of harvest, was significantly lower than that for meadow fescue. In the second and third years, the DM yield from the first cut did not differ between tall fescue and meadow fescue. Tall fescue produced significantly higher DM yield as regrowth (second and third cuts) than meadow fescue. The sward age significantly affected total DM production. In first‐year swards, there were no significant differences in total DM yield between tall fescue and meadow fescue but, in the second‐ and third‐year swards, tall fescue produced significantly higher DM yields than meadow fescue. The difference in yield profile between tall fescue and meadow fescue was similar in all the environments included in the study. DM yield for the first cut (kg DM ha–1) for tall fescue cv. Retu, in comparison with meadow fescue cultivars, was 2495 vs. 3099 (P < 0·001), 3735 vs. 3741 (NS, P=0·94) and 3553 vs. 3468 (NS, P=0·30) in the first‐, second‐ and third‐year swards respectively. The respective DM regrowth yields (second plus third cut) were: 6059 vs. 5416 (P < 0·001); 5445 vs. 4221 (P < 0·001); and 5580 vs. 4113 (P < 0·001) in first‐, second‐ and third‐year swards. Total DM yields per season for tall fescue vs. meadow fescue were (kg DM ha–1) 8554 vs. 8515 (NS, P=0·69), 9180 vs. 7962 (P < 0·001) and 9133 vs. 7581 (P < 0·001) in first‐, second‐ and third‐year swards respectively. Over the three‐year sward rotation period, which is common in Finland, tall fescue produced on average 12% higher DM yield than meadow fescue. Both tall fescue and meadow fescue suffered little winter damage in Finnish conditions; the differences between cultivars of the two species were small. The results indicated that tall fescue cv. Retu is a productive and persistent forage species suited to Finnish growing conditions.

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“…Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds. ), on the other hand, has a better regrowth ability than timothy or red clover (Pulli 1980, Nissinen and Hakkola 1995, Mela 2003. Consequently, in Finnish conditions a harvest system involving three or four cuts is recommended for meadow fescue leys (Pulli 1980) whereas timothy and red clover-grass leys are usually cut only twice (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of herbage production in mixed leys as related to ley age and environmental factors: a farm survey

Riesinger¹,

Herzon²

2008

AFSci

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Influences of ley age, soil properties, and geographical location on the herbage production of red clover-grass leys were determined under practical conditions on 27 organic farms located in the southern and in the northwestern coastal regions of Finland. Averaged over one-, two-, and three-year-old leys the accumulated first and second cuts produced 7.12 t dry matter herbage ha-1 year-1, with a clover proportion of 34.8%. Herbage production declined with increasing ley age. The average proportion of clover increased from 26.4% in the first to 43.7% in the second cut but decreased with ley age. Within- and between-field variations of clover proportions markedly decreased from the first to the second cut and strongly increased with ley age, while changes in the variations of herbage production were less pronounced. Within-field variations of clover proportions in the first and in the second cuts were higher at lower proportions of clover. Herbage production was positively related with clover proportion. Soil properties had a major impact on clover proportion and herbage production, largely explaining also regional differences in ley growth. Amelioration of fields and, not at least, of less fertile sites within the same field seems to be a crucial requirement for higher and more even clover proportions and herbage yields.;

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Growth factors and management technique used in relation to the developmental rhythm and yield formation pattern of a pure grass stand

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Tiller Characteristics of Timothy and Tall Fescue in Relation to Herbage Mass Accumulation

Tiller Characteristics of Timothy and Tall Fescue in Relation to Herbage Mass Accumulation

Yield profile of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) in comparison with meadow fescue (F. pratensis) in Finland

Variability of herbage production in mixed leys as related to ley age and environmental factors: a farm survey

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