Growth factors for human glial cells in culture

Yong, V. Wee; Kim, Seung Up; Kim, Myong W.; Shin, Doo H.

doi:10.1002/glia.440010203

Cited by 67 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…To detect cells undergoing DNA synthesis, antibody detection of 2' bromodeoxyuridine was used (Yong et al, 1988). Cultures were treated with 50 pM 2' bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) (Sigma) for 4 hr.…”

Section: Histochemical and Immunochemical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number of adrenergic and Islet‐1 immunoreactive cells is increased in avian trunk neural crest cultures in the presence of human recombinant osteogenic protein‐1

Varley

Wehby

Rueger

et al. 1995

Developmental Dynamics

102

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OP-1, also known as BMP-7, is a member of the TGF-P superfamily of proteins and was originally identified on the basis of its ability to induce new bone formation in vivo. OP-1 mRNA is found in the developing kidney and adrenal gland as well as in some brain regions (Ozkaynak et al. [1991] Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 179116123). We have tested the effect of recombinant human OP-1 on quail trunk neural crest cultures. The number of catecholamine-positive cells which developed after 7 days in vitro in the presence of OP-1 was increased in a dose-dependent manner, with a greater than 100-fold maximal stimulation observed. The increase in the number of catecholamine-positive cells in the presence of OP-1 was paralleled by an increase in the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells. In contrast, total and melanocyte cell number were unaffected by the presence of OP-1. The number of Islet-1-immunoreactive cells was also increased by OP-1, but to only about half the value seen for TH. Double label experiments revealed these Islet-1-positive cells were a subset of the TH-positive cells. Inhibitors of DNA synthesis prevented the OP-1-mediated increase in adrenergic cell number, indicating that OP-1 does not act on a postmitotic cell population. However, labeling studies with bromodeoxyuridine indicated that OP-1 did not increase the proportion of the cell population engaged in DNA synthesis. Thus, the OP-1-mediated increase in adrenergic cell number most likely occurs as a result of the enhanced survival of a subpopulation of adrenergic precursors or an increase in their probability of adrenergic differentiation, but not by increasing the mitotic rate of adrenergic precursors or adrenergic cells themselves. In contrast to OP-1, TGF-PI decreased adrenergic cell number. When OP-1 and TGF-P1 were added simultaneously, TGF-P1 antagonized the OP-1-mediated increase in adrenergic cell number in a dose-dependent manner. 0 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Histochemical and Immunochemical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number of adrenergic and Islet‐1 immunoreactive cells is increased in avian trunk neural crest cultures in the presence of human recombinant osteogenic protein‐1

Varley

Wehby

Rueger

et al. 1995

Developmental Dynamics

102

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“…Indeed, not only neurons but also astrocytes are potential targets for chemical signals such as growth factors (2), hormones, and neurotransmitters (3). As shown recently, these cells possess receptors for amino acids, amines, and peptides, and responses induced by these neurotransmitters involve changes in second messenger production, membrane conductances, uptake processes for amino acids, energetics, or protein metabolism (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenergic regulation of intercellular communications between cultured striatal astrocytes from the mouse.

Giaume

Marin

Cordier

et al. 1991

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

146

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The permeability of gap junctions in cultured striatal astrocytes was investigated by the scrape-loading/dyetransfer technique. Prolonged application of norepinephrine (NE) (10 j)M) reduced by half the extent of dye (Lucifer yellow) spread. This effect was linked to the activation of a, -adrenergic receptors since it was mimicked by methoxamine and antagonized by prazosin. The adenosine agonist 2-chloroadenosine (10 ,uM), which potentiates the NE-evoked activation of phospholipase C (PLC) in striatal astrocytes, also potentiated the NE-evoked closure of gap junctions, the effect being as important as that observed with the uncoupling agent octanol. Measurements of inositol phospholipid turnover performed in identical experimental conditions revealed a close relationship between the extent of PLC activation and the magnitude of the uncoupling process. The effect of NE was mimicked by both phorbol ester and arachidonic acid, suggesting that biochemical events linked to PLC stimulation such as protein kinase C activation and/or eicosanoid production are likely involved in the NE-induced uncoupling. In addition, in the presence of a cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, the stimulation of fl-adrenergic receptors by isoproterenol (10 jM) led to a large increase in cAMP accumulation correlated with an extension of dye diffusion. This observation suggests that junctional permeability could also be controlled by a cAMP-dependent mechanism. Altogether these results indicate that intercellular communication between cultured astrocytes can be regulated by different second messenger pathways as a result of the action of neurotransmitters on their receptors.

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“…To determine the DNA synthesis rate of NSCs, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU; Sigma) incorporation assay was performed as previously described (Yong and Kim, 1987;Yong et al, 1988;Satoh and Kim, 1994). Briefly, NSCs grown on coverslips were incubated in DM4 medium without FGF2 for 24 hr, and then ATP, ADP (P2 purinoceptor agonist), ␣,␤-methylene-ATP (P2X1,3 purinoceptor agonist), ADP-␤-S (P2Y purinoceptor agonist), adenosine (P1 purinoceptor agonist), or UTP (P2U purinoceptor agonist; all from Sigma) was added to the medium, and cells were further incubated for 24 hr.…”

Section: Proliferation Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosine triphosphate induces proliferation of human neural stem cells: Role of calcium and p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase

Ryu

Choi

Hatori

et al. 2003

J of Neuroscience Research

Self Cite

103

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Human neural stem cells (NSCs) grown in culture responded to extracellularly applied adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and the rate of proliferation increased as shown by immunocytochemical and RT-PCR analysis. Activation of P2 purinoceptors by ATP is coupled to the release of intracellular calcium ([Ca 2ϩ ] i ) from thapsigargin-sensitive intracellular stores. ATP-induced proliferation was blocked by thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2ϩ -ATPase. Neither EGTA, a calcium chelator, nor caffeine had any effect on ATP-induced [Ca 2ϩ ] i increases. Multiblot kinase analysis, by which activation of 24 different kinases could be determined, showed that application of ATP to NSCs predominantly activated p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70 S6 kinase). As well, rapamycin, a p70 S6 kinase inhibitor, blocked the ATP-mediated proliferative response in NSCs. After outlining a role for p70 S6 kinase in ATP-mediated NSC proliferation, we examined the possibility that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) acts upstream of p70 S6 kinase. The application of wortmannin, a PI3-kinase inhibitor, decreased both ATP-mediated p70 S6 kinase activation and NSC proliferation. From these results, we conclude that ATP application to NSCs induces release of Ca 2ϩ from intracellular Ca 2ϩ stores and that this increase in intracellular Ca 2ϩ in turn promotes NSC proliferation. The increase in NSC proliferation observed following ATP application can also be mediated by PI3-kinasedependent p70 S6 kinase activation.

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Growth factors for human glial cells in culture

Cited by 67 publications

References 52 publications

Number of adrenergic and Islet‐1 immunoreactive cells is increased in avian trunk neural crest cultures in the presence of human recombinant osteogenic protein‐1

Number of adrenergic and Islet‐1 immunoreactive cells is increased in avian trunk neural crest cultures in the presence of human recombinant osteogenic protein‐1

Adrenergic regulation of intercellular communications between cultured striatal astrocytes from the mouse.

Adenosine triphosphate induces proliferation of human neural stem cells: Role of calcium and p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase

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