Growth history and inshore migration of the tropical eel, Anguilla marmorata , in the Pacific

Arai, Takaomi; Marui, Miho; Miller, Michael J.; Tsukamoto, Katsumi

doi:10.1007/s002270100699

Cited by 42 publications

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“…The spawning area of A. marmorata in the Poigar belonging to the North Pacific population (Minegishi et al 2008) could be located in the western North Pacific where is the spawning ground of the Japanese eel A. japonica (Tsukamoto et al 2011, Figure 1). Recently, one spawning-condition female A. marmorata was collected corresponded to the estimated spawning area in A. marmorata by Arai et al (2002) as determined by otolith analyses. Thus, leptocephali of A. marmorata might be affected on the El Niño event in the winter between 1997 and 1998 in the western North Pacific.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Another spawning area of A. celebesensis was further found in Tomini Bay off Central Sulawesi Island of Indonesia, central Sulawesi of Indonesia (A. c-2, Aoyama et al 2003, Arai 2014b). The location of the spawning area of A. marmorata is in the western North Pacific (A. m, Arai et al 2002; Tsukamoto et al 2011) where is the spawning ground of the Japanese eel A. japonica (A. j, Tsukamoto et al 2011). The oceanic currents from the spawning ground to growth habitats in A. marmorata are illustrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do we protect freshwater eels or do we drive them to extinction?

Arai

2014

SpringerPlus

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Freshwater eels are important animals because they have a unique catadromous life history and are used as food resources. European, American and Japanese eel populations now are considered to be outside the safe biological limits and are seriously threatened with extinction. Therefore, the European eel was recently categorised as critically endangered by the European Union and the United Nations. One of the reasons for the drastic decline in eel populations is overfishing, which has caused a high demand for eel aquaculture; eel aquaculture completely depends on wild juveniles, and in contrast to animals, artificial propagation has not yet succeeded for the eels. Therefore, commercial eel industries are now considering tropical eels as possible replacement for European and Japanese eels to compensate for declining stocks. In this study, I attempt to examine the present status of the biology and stock of tropical eels. However, useful scientific research and information on the biology and stock assessments of tropical eels are lacking, a situation quite different from that for other temperate freshwater eels, which have been well studied for several decades with trends and recruitment patterns being on record. Nevertheless, the present tropical eel catch has been reported as being less than half that of 20 years ago. The present trends in eel stocks and utilization for human consumption suggest that all eel populations will decline to numbers that fall outside safe biological limits and will be seriously threatened with extinction without protection and conservation from strict enforcement of local and international laws.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do we protect freshwater eels or do we drive them to extinction?

Arai

2014

SpringerPlus

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Evidence of local short‐distance spawning migration of tropical freshwater eels, and implications for the evolution of freshwater eel migration

Arai

2014

Ecology and Evolution

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Freshwater eels have fascinated biologists for centuries due to the spectacular long-distance migrations between the eels’ freshwater habitats and their spawning areas far out in the ocean and the mysteries of their ecology. The spawning areas of Atlantic eels and Japanese eel were located far offshore in the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, respectively, and their reproduction took place thousands of kilometers away from their growth habitats. Phylogenetic studies have revealed that freshwater eels originated in the Indonesian region. However, remarkably little is known about the life histories of tropical freshwater eels despite the fact that tropical eels are key to understanding the nature of primitive forms of catadromous migration. This study found spawning-condition tropical freshwater eels in Lake Poso, central Sulawesi, Indonesia, with considerably high gonadosomatic index values and with histologically fully developed gonads. This study provides the first evidence that under certain conditions, freshwater eels have conditions that are immediately able to spawn even in river downstream. The results suggest that, in contrast to the migrations made by the Atlantic and Japanese eels, freshwater eels originally migrated only short distances of <100 kilometers to local spawning areas adjacent to their freshwater growth habitats. Ancestral eels most likely underwent a catadromous migration from local short-distance movements in tropical coastal waters to the long-distance migrations characteristic of present-day temperate eels, which has been well established as occurring in subtropical gyres in both hemispheres.

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The Distribution and Biology of the South Pacific Species of Anguil

Jellyman

2003

Eel Biology

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Growth history and inshore migration of the tropical eel, Anguilla marmorata , in the Pacific

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Do we protect freshwater eels or do we drive them to extinction?

Do we protect freshwater eels or do we drive them to extinction?

Evidence of local short‐distance spawning migration of tropical freshwater eels, and implications for the evolution of freshwater eel migration

The Distribution and Biology of the South Pacific Species of Anguil

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