Growth Hormone Induced Enhancement of Insulin Sensitivity in Adipose Tissue

Abstract

In lIitro basal and insulin stimulated glucose metabolism (14 C02 production and 14 C glucose incorporation into fatty acids) are enhanced in the epididymal fat pads of fed Sprague Dawley rats exposed to intraperitoneal growth hormone (GA) both acutely (90 minutes after a single 1 mg injection) and chronicaUy (24 hours after the last of a 15 day series of 1 mg GA injections). This enhancement of the glucose metabolism in the fat pad is accompanied by depletion of its lipid conten!. This alteration in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue exposed to GH ;n 11;110 may be related to the action of GH in accelerating intracellular free fally aeid turnover and/or may be subsequent to a decrease in the size of the fat cello

Effect of diet and ovariectomy on adipose tissue cellularity in mice

“…During proestrus, food intake and body weight decrease (Brobeck et al,1947), while ovariectomy results in an increase of these factors (Kakolewski et al, 1968). When high chronic doses of estrogens are given, the growth hormone level elevates, leading to the depletion of fat stores and a reduction of fat cell size (Batchelor and Mahler, 1972). These hormones, therefore, seem likely candidates for modifiers of adipose cellularity in different fat tissue regions.…”

Structure‐Function Relationships of Growth Hormone and Other Members of the Growth Hormone Gene Family

“…Acute insulin-like activities include hypoglycemia (92,125), increased sugar and amino acid transport (54,69), increased glucose and amino acid metabolism (8,46), increased protein synthesis (66), increased glycogenesis (97,108), and increased lipogenesis (49, 107). Late anti-insulin activities include hyperglycemia (29), hyperinsulinemia (4), increased lipolysis (36,47), decreased glucose transport (48), increased serum nonesterified fatty acids (55), de- creased glucose metabolism (3), and insulin resistance (38,84,85).…”