Growth-inhibiting Fungicides Affect Detection of <i>Phytophthora ramorum</i> from Infected Foliage and Roots

Shishkoff, Nina

doi:10.1094/php-rs-12-0124

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…The problem of Phytophthora in plant production facilities has been compounded by several factors: asymptomatic infections (Osterbauer et al 2004), the inability to correctly identify species due to a recent increase in the number of species (Kroon et al 2012) and the use of chemicals that mask the infection without effectively eliminating the pathogens (Shishkoff 2014).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Three new Phytophthora detection methods, including training dogs to sniff out the pathogen, prove reliable

Swiecki¹,

Quinn²,

Sims³

et al. 2018

Calif Agr

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Three new Phytophthora detection methods, including training dogs to sniff out the pathogen, prove reliable

Swiecki¹,

Quinn²,

Sims³

et al. 2018

Calif Agr

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Validating and Optimizing a Method for Detecting Phytophthora Species by Baiting Leachate from Arrays of Container Nursery Plants

Swiecki,

Bernhardt,

McClanahan

2024

PhytoFrontiers™

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In 2014, Phytophthora root rot was identified as a serious problem in nursery plants grown for habitat restoration in California. To support efforts to produce restoration nursery stock free of Phytophthora species, we developed a standardized leachate baiting method that can be conducted by nursery staff. Each plant in an array of up to 42 container-grown nursery plants is irrigated six times at 15-min intervals with a standardized water volume. Irrigation leachate is collected in a specialized vessel containing a green (unripe) pear bait. Test sensitivity was assessed using arrays of Phytophthora-free plants containing varying numbers of plants from which Phytophthora had previously been baited. The percentage of tests with Phytophthora detections increased as the proportion of infested plants in the array increased. In tests of individual inoculated plants, Phytophthora detection from a given plant varied over time, especially for less susceptible hosts. This variability likely limits test sensitivity in arrays with few infested containers. Direct probability and Monte Carlo simulation models showed that testing 2 to 3 arrays per block and 20 to 40 plants per array provided the greatest increases in detection probability for blocks of 200 to 1000 plants in which 1% to 5% of the plants were infected. Random sampling had lower detection success than sampling biased to increase the odds of selecting infected plants. Results of extensive testing at a case study nursery were consistent with model predictions. The leachate baiting method has wide applicability for detecting and identifying Phytophthora species in nursery stock.

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Phytophthora in urban tree planting stock: Are we managing the risk to the urban forest and natural ecosystems?

Laurence,

Mertin,

Scarlett

et al. 2024

Plant Pathology

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The oomycete genus Phytophthora includes plant pathogens that pose significant threats to agricultural systems, natural ecosystems and urban forests. Urban forests are increasingly recognized for their role in mitigating climate change impacts and urban greening initiatives are underway worldwide. However, research suggests that the urban forest is also a reservoir of Phytophthora diversity, acting as bridgeheads for the introduction of these pathogens into production and natural ecosystems. The source of Phytophthora in urban forests is linked to anthropogenic factors, with the live plant trade the primary pathway. This study focused on the incidence and diversity of Phytophthora in amenity tree nursery stock in eastern Australia, primarily New South Wales, with one nursery from Victoria. The findings revealed a high incidence of Phytophthora in nursery stock destined for urban greening projects, having an overall positive rate of 22.1%, with incidence in individual nurseries ranging from 2.5% to 32%. The study detected 13 described Phytophthora species that are considered polyphagous on woody hosts and three lineages that potentially represent novel species. In addition, the detection of P. mediterranea and P. heterospora represent first reports for Australia, with P. mediterranea considered a biosecurity concern. The study highlights the substantial risk associated with the live plant trade as a source of Phytophthora introduction into urban forests and beyond. These findings underscore the urgent need to strictly implement clean nursery management practices to reduce the economic and environmental risks associated with Phytophthora in urban greening programmes.

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Growth-inhibiting Fungicides Affect Detection of Phytophthora ramorum from Infected Foliage and Roots

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Three new Phytophthora detection methods, including training dogs to sniff out the pathogen, prove reliable

Three new Phytophthora detection methods, including training dogs to sniff out the pathogen, prove reliable

Validating and Optimizing a Method for Detecting Phytophthora Species by Baiting Leachate from Arrays of Container Nursery Plants

Phytophthora in urban tree planting stock: Are we managing the risk to the urban forest and natural ecosystems?

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