Growth, morphology and surface properties of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A and LO28 under saline and acid environments

Bereksi, N.; Gavini, F.; Bénézech, Thierry; Faille, Christine

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01564.x

Cited by 85 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In addition to reduced-a w conditions, exposures to low or elevated temperatures and acid or alkaline pH levels lead to filament formation by Salmonella (19,24,25). Regardless, it appears to be a conserved response in several food-borne pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes (1,9,16,17), E. coli O157:H7 (25), and Bacillus cereus (21). The underlying mechanism(s) involved in filament formation by S. Enteritidis E40 is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival and Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Filaments Induced by Reduced Water Activity

Stackhouse

Faith

Kaspar

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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ABSTRACTSalmonella entericaserovar Enteritidis strain E40 filaments were developed under conditions of a reduced water activity (aw) of 0.95 in tryptic soy broth (TSB) or tryptic soy agar (TSA) supplemented with 8% or 7% NaCl, respectively. Filament formation was accompanied by an increase of biomass without an increase in CFU and was affected by incubation temperature and the physical milieu. The greatest amount of filaments was recovered from TSA with 7% NaCl and incubation at 30°C. Within 2 h of transfer to fresh TSB, filaments started to septate into normal-sized cells, resulting in a rapid increase in CFU.S. Enteritidis E40 filaments were not more tolerant of low- or high-temperature stresses than nonfilamented control cells. However, there was greater survival of filaments in 10% bile salts after 24 to 48 h of incubation, during pH 2.0 acid challenge for 10 min, and under desiccation on stainless steel surfaces at 25°C and 75.5% relative humidity for 7 days.S. Enteritidis E40 filaments invaded and multiplied within Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial cells to a similar degree as control cells when a comparable CFU of filaments and control cells was used.S. Enteritidis E40 filaments established a successful infection in mice via intragastric inoculation. The filaments colonized the gastrointestinal tract and disseminated to the spleen and liver at levels comparable to those attained by control cells, even when animals were inoculated with 10- to 100-fold fewer CFU. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of virulence of stress-inducedSalmonellafilamentsin vitroandin vivo. Formation of filaments bySalmonellain food products and food processing environments is significant to food safety, because detection and quantitation of the pathogen may be compromised. The finding that these filaments are virulent further enhances their potential public health impact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival and Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Filaments Induced by Reduced Water Activity

Stackhouse

Faith

Kaspar

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…For example, low pH (4.3), low water activity (0.95), and low temperature caused elongation of Escherichia coli O157, commensal E. coli, and Salmonella (2, 3), while exposure to 5% NaCl caused elongation of Bacillus cereus (4). Similarly, elongation of Listeria monocytogenes under 100% CO 2 and 4°C or pH 5 and 10% NaCl (5,6), as well as elongation of E. coli by high hydrostatic pressure (7), have also been reported. The elongation of cells under many of these conditions seemed to continue indefinitely, while the conditions that caused elongation were imposed (3,8,9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Examination of the Genome-Wide Transcriptional Response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Cinnamaldehyde Exposure

Visvalingam

Hernandez-Doria

Holley

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Cinnamaldehyde is a natural antimicrobial that has been found to be effective against many food-borne pathogens, including Escherichia coli O157:H7. Although its antimicrobial effects have been well investigated, limited information is available on its effects at the molecular level. Sublethal treatment at 200 mg/liter cinnamaldehyde inhibited growth of E. coli O157:H7 at 37°C and for <2 h caused cell elongation, but from 2 to 4 h growth resumed and cells reverted to normal length. To understand this transient behavior, genome-wide transcriptional analysis of E. coli O157:H7 was performed at 2 and 4 h of exposure to cinnamaldehyde in conjunction with reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis for cinnamaldehyde and other cinnamic compounds. Drastically different gene expression profiles were obtained at 2 and 4 h. RP-HPLC analysis showed that cinnamaldehyde was structurally stable for at least 2 h. At 2 h of exposure, cinnamaldehyde induced expression of many oxidative stress-related genes and repressed expression of DNA, protein, O-antigen, and fimbrial synthetic genes. At 4 h, many cinnamaldehyde-induced repressive effects on E. coli O157:H7 gene expression were reversed, and cells became more motile and grew at a slightly higher rate. Data indicated that by 4 h, E. coli O157:H7 was able to convert cinnamaldehyde into the less toxic cinnamic alcohol using dehydrogenase/reductase enzymes (YqhD and DkgA). This is the first study to characterize the ability of E. coli O157:H7 to convert cinnamaldehyde into cinnamic alcohol which, in turn, showed that the antimicrobial activity of cinnamaldehyde is mainly attributable to its carbonyl aldehyde group.

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“…Since its isolation during the Massachusetts listeriosis outbreak in 1983 (3), the serovar 4b strain Scott A has been widely used as a reference strain for efficacy testing of food processing and preservation techniques (4, 6, 7), establishment of detection methods in foods (12), growth and heat resistance studies (2), and virulence studies (8). Scott A also harbors the temperate phage PSA, which employs unusual decoding mechanisms (14), and its integration into the 3Ј end of single-copy tRNA Arg was used for design of a now widely used integration vector (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genome Sequence of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A, a Clinical Isolate from a Food-Borne Listeriosis Outbreak

et al. 2011

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Growth, morphology and surface properties of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A and LO28 under saline and acid environments

Cited by 85 publications

References 50 publications

Survival and Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Filaments Induced by Reduced Water Activity

Survival and Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Filaments Induced by Reduced Water Activity

Examination of the Genome-Wide Transcriptional Response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Cinnamaldehyde Exposure

Genome Sequence of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A, a Clinical Isolate from a Food-Borne Listeriosis Outbreak

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