Growth of Aitken mode ammonium sulfate particles by α-pinene ozonolysis

Abstract

Figure S1. Growth experiment using 60 nm ammonium sulfate seed particles.Figure S2. Growth experiment using 80 nm ammonium sulfate seed particles.

Temperature effects on sulfuric acid aerosol nucleation and growth: initial results from the TANGENT study

“…The measurement error in the PSM size distribution, based on the standard error calculated between run-to-run experiments under identical conditions, is ±26 %. The uncertainties in inversion of the particle diameter from the PSM measurement are estimated to be around 12 % (or ±0.2 nm) for inorganic particles in the size range observed in this experiment (Lehtipalo et al, , 2016Kulmala et al, 2013;Yu et al, 2017a). Propagation of the errors in sulfuric acid measurement, wall loss and the PSM measurements results in an overall uncertainty of ±65.5 % in the calculation of J 0 .…”

“…FT-1 and FT-2 were coupled with an 0.2 m stainless steel tube with additional inlet ports for injection of ozone, zero air and SO 2 . The growth tube was described by Krasnomowitz et al (2019) and Stangl et al (2019). The growth tube consists of a 1.52 m long and 0.2 m inner diameter fused quartz tube fitted with stainless steel funnels on each end that reduce the inner diameter down to 0.051 m. The total volume of the tube and entrance and exit funnels is 52.4 L, giving a surface-to-volume ratio of 0.24 cm −1 .…”

“…Newly formed particles can contribute to approximately 30 %-70 % of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere (Merikanto et al, 2009;Wang and Penner, 2009;Yu and Luo, 2009;Gordon et al, 2017). New particle formation (NPF) takes place via two steps: initial nucleation (formation of critical clusters) and subsequent growth of nucleated clusters (Kulmala et al, 2013). At present, chemical and physical mechanisms that govern these two processes, as well as the identity of chemical precursors involved in these processes, are still not well understood (Zhang et al, 2012;Yu et al, 2017b;Lee et al, 2019).…”

Sulfur Dioxide Modifies Aerosol Particle Formation and Growth by Ozonolysis of Monoterpenes and Isoprene

“…Before SO 2 addition, seed particle growth in our experiments was qualitatively in order with what would be expected based on previously published yields of HOMs from the ozonolysis of each precursor (i.e., limonene > α ‐pinene > β ‐pinene > isoprene; Jokinen et al, ). Recently, Krasnomowitz et al () described an experiment to quantitatively determine the molar yield of condensable organic molecules produced from α ‐pinene ozonolysis by measuring the diameter growth of ammonium sulfate seed particles. The reported yield of 13 ± 1% is somewhat higher than previously reported HOM yields in the 3–7% range that were obtained through gas‐phase measurements with chemical ionization, and the authors discussed the inherent differences between yield determinations using gas‐ and particle‐phase measurements.…”

“…Counterbalancing this effect is the possibility that a greater fraction of gas-phase species may end up in the particle phase. Using the calculation procedure of Krasnomowitz et al (2019), we estimate that in the absence of SO 2 , about 65% of condensable molecules produced by α-pinene ozonolysis end up in the particle phase at the flow tube outlet. After SO 2 addition, the fraction of condensable molecules ending up in the particle phase (neglecting the impact of the Kelvin effect on nucleation mode particles) rises to about 76% owing to the condensation sink increase.…”