“…The PLD method offers flexibility in the growth of thin films, including the size of nanoparticles, composition, and phase, by controlling the laser excitation source (wavelength), substrate temperature, oxygen partial pressure, and target composition [12,13]. The PLD techniques have been successfully applied to prepare different oxide materials, such as superconductors [14][15][16][17][18], magnetic materials [19,20], perovskite cathodes, and barrier layers for solid oxide fuel cells [21][22][23][24][25], including perovskite thin-film solar cells [26,27]. In particular, the preparation of nanostructure thin films, such as Au-TiO 2 [28,29], and nanostructure multilayered perovskite cathodes [30] under different PLD growth conditions were explored.…”