GROWTH OF CROSS‐ AND SELF‐POLLEN TUBES IN THE STYLES OF <i>BRASSICA OLERACEA</i>

Ockendon, D. J.; Gates, Phil

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1975.tb01382.x

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These mechanisms could operate separately or in [Vol. 91 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY combination in the upper part of the style (Ockendon and Gates, 1975;Sedgley, 1976;Winsor and Stephenson, 1995), in the lower part (Cruzan, 1989), or along the entire length of the style (Hormaza and Herrero, 1999). These different responses to temperature in the progamic phase may explain the complexity of the response recorded in other species (Lankinen, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on pollen tube kinetics and dynamics in sweet cherry, Prunus avium (Rosaceae)

Hedhly

Hormaza²,

Herrero

2004

American J of Botany

148

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Prevailing ambient temperature during the reproductive phase is one of several important factors for seed and fruit set in different plant species, and its consequences on reproductive success may increase with global warming. The effect of temperature on pollen performance was evaluated in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), comparing as pollen donors two cultivars that differ in their adaptation to temperature. 'Sunburst' is a cultivar that originated in Canada with a pedigree of cultivars from Northern Europe, while 'Cristobalina' is a cultivar native to southeast Spain, adapted to warmer conditions. Temperature effects were tested either in controlled-temperature chambers or in the field in a plastic cage. In both genotypes, an increase in temperature reduced pollen germination, but accelerated pollen tube growth. However, a different genotypic response, which reflected the overall adaptation of the pollen donor, was obtained for pollen tube dynamics, expressed as the census of the microgametophyte population that successfully reached the base of the style. While both cultivars performed similarly at 20°C, the microgametophyte population was reduced at 30°C for Sunburst and at 10°C for Cristobalina. These results indicate a differential genotypic response to temperature during the reproductive phase, which could be important in terms of the time needed for a plant species to adapt to rapid temperature changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on pollen tube kinetics and dynamics in sweet cherry, Prunus avium (Rosaceae)

Hedhly

Hormaza²,

Herrero

2004

American J of Botany

148

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“…A sizable attrition in pollen tube number in the upper part of the pistil is recorded in species as diverse as Brassica oleracea (Okendon and Gates 1975), N. glauca (Cruzan 1986), and Cucurbita pepo (Winsor and Stephenson 1995). In intact pistils, the PGT takes place in a strategically-positioned tissue, the TZ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the pollen growth transition in self-incompatible Petunia inflata

Lubliner

Singh-Cundy

2002

Sex Plant Reprod

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In Petunia inflata, as in other species that shed bicellular pollen, early pollen tube growth in the pistil is slow, then increases 2-to 5-fold depending on the genotype of the female parent. We refer to the time point at which pollen tubes enter the accelerated phase of growth as the pollen growth transition (PGT). Here, we present evidence that pre-PGT and post-PGT growth are quantitatively and qualitatively different, and that the PGT is triggered when pollen tubes reach the transition zone (TZ) below the stigma. The capacity of various pistil zones to precipitate the PGT was tested through 'stump' pollinations: varying lengths of the pistil apex were excised, the cut surface of the remaining pistil (the stump) coated with stigmatic exudates then dusted with compatible pollen. Pollen applied to TZ tissues entered the PGT earlier than pollen growing in intact control pistils; the PGT was delayed in stylar stumps, largely because of delayed germination and reduced pre-PGT growth. In immature pistils, the PGT was delayed by several hours relative to its onset in mature pistils. The PGT fails to occur in pollen cultured in vitro. Collectively, the data suggest that pollen tubes become competent to enter the PGT when they reach a critical size, but the physicochemical environment of the transmitting tissue is necessary for triggering the cellular changes that result in accelerated growth. An analysis of the distribution of pollen tube tips before and after the PGT suggests that pollen competition is most intense during the pre-PGT phase.

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“…Successful pollinations with compatible, or non-self, pollen result in a rapid succession of events that include hydration and germination of pollen grains and the subsequent invasion of the papillar cell wall by the emerging pollen tube (Heslop-Harrison, 1975;Elleman et al, 1992). In contrast, incompatible pollinations with self-pollen are manifested by the inability of the pollen to germinate andlor the inability of the emerging pollen tube to invade the papillar cell wall (Sears, 1937;Kanno and Hinata, 1969;Dickinson and Lewis, 1973;Ockendon and Gates, 1975;Stead et al, 1980). The capacity of the stigma to discriminate between self-pollen and cross-pollen is a developmentally regulated phenomenon: the stigmas of immature buds are self-compatible and only become self-incompatible 1 day before flower opening.…”

Section: Of Brassicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen[mdash]Stigma Signaling in the Sporophytic Self-Incompatibility Response.

Nasrallah

1993

Plant Cell

186

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INTRODUCTIONMany flowering plants reproduce sexually and generate variation by the process of recombination. Because the possibility of continued evolution is dependent, at least in part, on the production of new variant combinations of genes derived from different individuals, the potential for adaptation is believed to be better under cross-pollination than under self-pollination. In fact, if self-incompatible plants are manipulated to undergo forced self-pollination, they invariably produce progeny with marked inbreeding depression. It is therefore not surprising to find that plants have evolved a variety of mechanisms that favor outcrossing. For example, the crucifer family (Brassicaceae) has an elaborate genetic self-incompatibility (SI) system that controls mating in natural populations of nearly half of the species belonging to this family. This system acts early in pollination to arrest pollen derived from "self." Such plants require cross-pollination to ensure maximal seed production. Radishes, kales, and cabbages are examples of crucifers that rely on outcrossing via cross-pollination by insect vectors to complete their life cycle in the wild. Genetic SI in crucifers is controlled by a complex and highly polymorphic S locus with many specificities or mating reactions. In this review, we discuss the role of the gene products encoded at the S locus in light of recent molecular genetic data derived from the analysis of three Brassica species, B. oleracea, B. campestris, and B. napus. GENETIC AND CYTOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE SPOROPHYTIC SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY SYSTEM OF BRASSICASI is based on the ability of the pistil to discern the presence of self-pollen and to inhibit the germination or subsequent development of self-related, but not genetically unrelated, pollen. In the Brassicaceae, the genetic control of SI was deciphered in the early 1950s with Bateman's analysis of lberis amara (Bateman, 1955). His genetic model, which has since been generalized to other Brassicaceae and is widely accepted (for review, see Nasrallah and Nasrallah, 1989) includes three basic features: (1) SI is genetically controlled by a single, multiallelicTo whom correspondence should be addressed. locus, the S locus; (2) pollen phenotype is determined not gametophytically by the haploid genotype of the pollen grain but sporophytically by the diploid genotype of the parent plant; and (3) codominant and/or dominant allelic interactions occur that determine the ultimate phenotype of stigma and pollen. The essence of this model is that an incompatible response occurs when the same S allele is active in stigma and pollen. The number of alleles that occur at the S locus is usually large, estimated at 22 in lberis (Bateman, 1955), 34 in Raphanus (Sampson, 1957), and 60 in B. oleracea (Ockendon, 1974).Sporophytically controlled SI systems have been described in members of the Compositae and Convolvulaceae as well as in the Brassicaceae. A common feature of plants with sporophytic SI is that the inhibition of self-pollen is very rapid and oc...

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GROWTH OF CROSS‐ AND SELF‐POLLEN TUBES IN THE STYLES OF BRASSICA OLERACEA

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of temperature on pollen tube kinetics and dynamics in sweet cherry, Prunus avium (Rosaceae)

Effect of temperature on pollen tube kinetics and dynamics in sweet cherry, Prunus avium (Rosaceae)

Characterization of the pollen growth transition in self-incompatible Petunia inflata

Pollen[mdash]Stigma Signaling in the Sporophytic Self-Incompatibility Response.

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