“…Hydrothermally grown synthetic emeralds have been commercially available since the early 1960s. They were first produced in Austria (Lechleitner) and later in the United States (Linde, Regency), Australia (Biron), and Russia (Pough, 1965;Flanigen et al, 1965Flanigen et al, , 1967Galia, 1972;Nassau, 1976;Brown and Snow, 1984;Kane and Liddicoat, 1985;Bukin et al, 1986;Schmetzer, 1988Schmetzer, , 1990Hosaka, 1990;Koivula et al, 1996). Hydrothermally grown synthetic emeralds from China were first described by Geng and Ou-Yang (1995).…”