Growth of &lt;i&gt;Veronica nakaiana&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Veronica pyrethrina&lt;/i&gt; under Different Shading Levels

Background and objective: Veronica pusanensis, an endemic species of South Korea belonging to the Plantaginaceae family, is found in Busan, South Korea. Due to its high ornamental value, it is expected to be utilized as a flower crop. However, currently it is an endangered species with its habitats being destroyed and reduced.Methods: Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the growth and photosynthetic responses of potted plants of V. pusanensis under different shading levels to enable mass production. Polyethylene (PE) shading films were selected as the shading material, and shading levels were designed at 0, 35, 45, 60, 75, and 99%, respectively.Results: Results showed that shoot height, shoot width, ground cover, leaf length, leaf width, shoot fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD units), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm and PIABS were highest under the 35% shading level. This indicates that it is relatively more desirable to grow V. pusanensis in shade culture compared to under direct sunlight. Meanwhile, root fresh weight and dry weight were highest under the 0% shading level.Conclusion: Therefore, it is recommended to grow V. pusanensis under direct sunlight to significantly increase root biomass when the purpose is to facilitate rootage when transplanting plants for habitat restoration. On the other hand, for the cultivation of V. pusanensis as an ornamental flower crop, it is recommended to grow the plants under the 35% shading level to significantly increase plant sizes and maintain ensure the proper functioning of photosynthetic responses in photosystem II (PSII).

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…In previous studies, root fresh weight and dry weight of V. nakaiana and V. pyrethrina (Kwon et al, 2020) and…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

An Analysis of the Growth and Photosynthetic Responses of Potted <italic>Veronica pusanensis</italic> Y.N.Lee according to the Shading Levels

Park¹,

Lee²,

Nam³

2023

“…Previous studies were conducted on the growth of succulent plants according to shading levels (Lee et al, 2021b;2022c;Nam et al, 2022), the effect of shading treatment on the growth of ornamental flower crops (Jang et al, 2022;Kwon et al, 2020;Park and Kim, 2021), and adequate shading levels for vegetables and tea tree (Cao et al, 2022;Shim and Jeon, 2022;Sim et al, 2021). As such, studies reported different results for various plant species, and it is also necessary to investigate the most suitable shading level for the cultivation of M. cordifolium f.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Growth and Leaf Color Quality of <italic>Mesembryanthemum cordifolium</italic> f. <italic>variegata</italic> as Affected by Shading Levels

Lee¹,

Nam²

2023

Background and objective: Mesembryanthemum cordifolium is a plant belonging to the Aizoaceae family and is native to South Africa and Namibia. As a CAM plant, M. cordifolium exhibits strong resistance to drought stress and can be utilized for the removal of soil salinity and heavy metals. Furthermore, it is an important medicinal crop with anti-inflammatory and antidepressant effects. However, despite its potential benefits, research on the optimal growth environment for M. cordifolium remains scarce.Methods: Therefore, this study selected M. cordifolium f. variegata with high ornamental value as the experimental plant and compared the effects of different shading levels on the growth and leaf color quality of variegated baby sun rose (M. cordifolium f. variegata). Six shading levels (0, 35, 45, 60, 75, and 99%, respectively) were designed using polyethylene (PE) shading films.Results: The results showed that the shoot height, shoot width, dry weight, and chlorophyll content (SPAD units) were highest under the 60% shading level, while leaf length, leaf width, and fresh weight were highest under the 75% shading level. On the other hand, growth was relatively lower under the 0% shading level, which suggests that M. cordifolium f. variegata prefers shade over direct sunlight. On the contrary, M. cordifolium f. variegata showed growth even under the 99% shading level, proving to have strong shade tolerance, but the leaf color quality was lowerst.Conclusion: In conclusion, to significantly increase the size and biomass of plants and improve leaf color quality when cultivating M. cordifolium f. variegata under shading treatment, it is recommended to cultivate it under 60-75% shading levels.

“…Nakai determined the dormancy type of seeds (Song et al, 2019) or shade tolerance among environmental resistance (Kwon et al, 2020;Song et al, 2020), but none are on cultivation of seedlings. However, studies are recently conducted on ornamental Veronica, and Lee et al (2020a) conducted a study on raising seedlings of mountain spike speedwell, discovering that it showed highest growth in horticultural substrates and excellent growth in Hyponex powder 1000 mg⋅L -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Raising Seedling Technology for Veronica pyrethrina Nakai Using Plug Trays

Kwon

Kim

et al. 2021

Background and objective This study was carried out to develop an effective technique for raising seedlings of <italic>Veronica pyrethrina</italic> Nakai, a native plant species in the Korean Peninsula, in plug trays. Methods To investigate the optimum plug cell size and sowing media, we sowed seed in to plug trays with 34, 21, and 10 mL cells and filled with a commercial horticultural substrate and mixtures of peatmoss and perlite in 1:1, 3:1, and 4:1 ratios. Fertilization levels were set at 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg • L−1. Results Plug cell size did not significantly influence the seedling growth of <italic>V. pyrethrina</italic>. By substrate type, the growth rate was highest in the horticultural substrate, followed by 4:1, 3:1, and 1:1. Growth by fertilization level was higher in all fertilized treatment groups than in the control group, and there was no difference among 500, 1000, and 2000 mg • L−1. Conclusion The results of this study proved that it is most suitable for raising seedlings of <italic>V. pyrethrina</italic> to sow the seeds in a 10 mL cell plug tray filled with horticultural substrates, and apply fertilizers with less than 500 mg • L−1 concentration.