Growth of multiwalled carbon nanotube arrays by chemical vapour deposition over iron catalyst and the effect of growth parameters

Radhakrishnan, J.; Pandian, P. S.; Padaki, V. C.; Bhusan, H.; Rao, K.U. Bhasker; Xie, Jining; Abraham, Jose K.; Varadan, Vijay K.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.02.010

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For instance, in the case of IC fabrication technologies, direct CNT growth should occur below 500 °C. Typically when using thermal chemical vapor deposition (thermal CVD) or plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to produce uniform, highly graphitized, well‐aligned CNT films the growth temperature should be around 600–800 °C 1–9, although there have been reports of CNT growth below 600 °C using various types of catalyst/precursor combinations. Low temperature carbon nanofiber/nanotube growth by PECVD has been accomplished on Ni 10–16, Fe or Fe–Mo 17, and Ni 0.67 –Fe 0.33 18 catalysts from mainly C 2 H 2 /NH 3 or CH 4 /H 2 precursors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐temperature growth of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes by thermal CVD

Halonen

Sápi

Nagy

et al. 2011

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Low-temperature thermal chemical vapor deposition (thermal CVD) synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was studied using a large variety of different precursor compounds. Cyclopentene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, methanol, and xylene:methanol mixture as oxygen containing heteroatomic precursors, while xylene and acetylene as conventional hydrocarbon feedstocks were applied in the experiments. The catalytic activity of Co, Fe, Ni, and their bi-as well as tri-metallic combinations were tested for the reactions. Low-temperature CNT growth occurred at 400 8C when using bi-metallic Co-Fe and tri-metallic Ni-Co-Fe catalyst (on alumina) and methanol or acetylene as precursors. In the case of monometallic catalyst nanoparticles, only Co (both on alumina and on silica) was found to be active in the low temperature growth (below 500 8C) from oxygenates such as cyclopentene oxide and methanol. The structure and composition of the achieved MWCNTs products were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) as well as by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The successful MWCNT growth below 500 8C is promising from the point of view of integrating MWCNT materials into existing IC fabrication technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐temperature growth of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes by thermal CVD

Halonen

Sápi

Nagy

et al. 2011

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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“…There are two steps involved: (i) synthesis of metallic catalyst such as cobalt, iron, nickel and their alloys; (ii) pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source over catalyst at high temperatures (from 500 to 1000 °C). In the past two decades, CNTs were synthesized over Fe [ 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ], Co [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ], Ni [ 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ] and their alloys [ 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 ] through the decomposition of various carbon sources. It is generally accepted that the morphology, size and yield of the obtained carbon nanomaterials are critically determined by the kind of catalyst used [ 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials by Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition: A Review of the Effects of Synthesis Parameters and Magnetic Properties

Qin

Wang

et al. 2010

Materials

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“…The reduction of radar cross-section [2] is one of the important challenges in the stealth technology, where the microwave absorbers play quite important role. The conventional materials e.g., conducting carbon black/nanotubes and ferrite based composites have been used as microwave absorbers in the past [3][4][5][6]. The disadvantages of these absorbers are that they are usually quite thick and bulky having higher density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dual-band hexagonal ring based polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber

Baskey

Akhtar

2013

IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference

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This paper presents a novel metamaterial structure based on hexagonal rings having polarization insensitive absorption characteristics in C and X band frequencies. The proposed structure is designed and simulated using CST Microwave Studio, which shows minimum return loss of 18.40 dB and 25.4 dB at 6.10 GHz and 10 GHz with absorption of 98.5% and 99.7%, respectively. The proposed structure is fabricated and tested for the microwave absorption in the respective frequency bands. A close match between experimental and theoretical results for absorption is observed. The proposed structure has the potential to be used for surveillance and defense stealth applications.Index Terms -Microwave absorbers, metamaterials, hexagonal rings, polarization angle.

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Growth of multiwalled carbon nanotube arrays by chemical vapour deposition over iron catalyst and the effect of growth parameters

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Low‐temperature growth of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes by thermal CVD

Low‐temperature growth of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes by thermal CVD

Large-Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials by Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition: A Review of the Effects of Synthesis Parameters and Magnetic Properties

A dual-band hexagonal ring based polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber

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