Growth of Pseudomonas chlororaphis on apolyester–polyurethane and the purification andcharacterization of a polyurethanase–esterase enzyme

Howard, Gary T.; Ruiz, Carmen; Hilliard, Newton P.

doi:10.1016/s0964-8305(98)00057-2

Cited by 83 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Many secreted enzymes from fungal and bacterial organisms also possess the ability to degrade PUs of various formulations (4,6,7,(35)(36)(37)(38). Genes that encode enzymes capable of degrading PU ex vivo from some of these organisms have also been identified and cloned (5,9,11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5

Hung

Zingarelli

Nadeau

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Polyester polyurethane (PU) coatings are widely used to help protect underlying structural surfaces but are susceptible to biological degradation. PUs are susceptible to degradation by Pseudomonas species, due in part to the degradative activity of secreted hydrolytic enzymes. Microorganisms often respond to environmental cues by secreting enzymes or secondary metabolites to benefit their survival. This study investigated the impact of exposing several Pseudomonas strains to select carbon sources on the degradation of the colloidal polyester polyurethane Impranil DLN (Impranil). The prototypic Pseudomonas protegens strain Pf-5 exhibited Impranil-degrading activities when grown in sodium citrate but not in glucose-containing medium. Glucose also inhibited the induction of Impranil-degrading activity by citrate-fed Pf-5 in a dose-dependent manner. Biochemical and mutational analyses identified two extracellular lipases present in the Pf-5 culture supernatant (PueA and PueB) that were involved in degradation of Impranil. Deletion of the pueA gene reduced Impranil-clearing activities, while pueB deletion exhibited little effect. Removal of both genes was necessary to stop degradation of the polyurethane. Bioinformatic analysis showed that putative Cbr/Hfq/Crc-mediated regulatory elements were present in the intergenic sequences upstream of both pueA and pueB genes. Our results confirmed that both PueA and PueB extracellular enzymes act in concert to degrade Impranil. Furthermore, our data showed that carbon sources in the growth medium directly affected the levels of Impranil-degrading activity but that carbon source effects varied among Pseudomonas strains. This study uncovered an intricate and complicated regulation of P. protegens PU degradation activity controlled by carbon catabolite repression. IMPORTANCEPolyurethane (PU) coatings are commonly used to protect metals from corrosion. Microbiologically induced PU degradation might pose a substantial problem for the integrity of these coatings. Microorganisms from diverse genera, including pseudomonads, possess the ability to degrade PUs via various means. This work identified two extracellular lipases, PueA and PueB, secreted by P. protegens strain Pf-5, to be responsible for the degradation of a colloidal polyester PU, Impranil. This study also revealed that the expression of the degradative activity by strain Pf-5 is controlled by glucose carbon catabolite repression. Furthermore, this study showed that the Impranil-degrading activity of many other Pseudomonas strains could be influenced by different carbon sources. This work shed light on the carbon source regulation of PU degradation activity among pseudomonads and identified the polyurethane lipases in P. protegens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5

Hung

Zingarelli

Nadeau

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Several mechanical processes, such as regrinding, flexible foam bonding, adhesive pressing, and compression molding, as well as chemical techniques, such as glycolysis, hydrolysis, pyrolysis, and hydrogenation, are used for the recovery of the starting materials or in the production of other PU types (8). Recently, the development of new strategies based on the utilization of biopolymers such as poly[(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acids] (21), the enzymatic polymerization of polyesters and degradation of PU (28), and the discovery of microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) able to utilize PU as a source of carbon and nitrogen (12,31,32) is leading the move to a greener chemical industry.A number of bacterial strains, such as Corynebacterium sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. chlororaphis, and Bacillus subtilis, have been reported to grow in PU media supplemented with yeast extract or glucose (18,19,20,22,35). However, only Comamonas acidovorans TB-35 has the ability to attack solid PU and use it as a carbon source (31).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A number of bacterial strains, such as Corynebacterium sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. chlororaphis, and Bacillus subtilis, have been reported to grow in PU media supplemented with yeast extract or glucose (18,19,20,22,35). However, only Comamonas acidovorans TB-35 has the ability to attack solid PU and use it as a carbon source (31).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protease, urease, and esterase activities have been associated with the degradation of polyester PU by fungi and bacteria (12,18,31,32,34,39). Polyurethanase protease activities have been reported for Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. chlororaphis (19,36), polyurethanase lipase activity has been detected in Bacillus subtilis strains (35), and polyurethanase esterase activities have been reported for Corynebacterium sp., Comamonas acidovorans TB-35, and P. chlororaphis (20,22,30). Membrane-bound esterase activity produced by the Comamonas acidovorans TB-35 strain, which is able to attack solid PU (1,30), is the best characterized of these.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the Polyurethanolytic Activity of Two Alicycliphilus sp. Strains Able To Degrade Polyurethane and N -Methylpyrrolidone

Oceguera-Cervantes

Carrillo-García

López

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Two bacterial strains (BQ1 and BQ8) were isolated from decomposed soft foam. These were selected for their capacity to grow in a minimal medium (MM) supplemented with a commercial surface-coating polyurethane (PU) (Hydroform) as the carbon source (MM-PUh). Both bacterial strains were identified as Alicycliphilus sp. by comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Growth in MM-PUh showed hyperbolic behavior, with BQ1 producing higher maximum growth (17.8 ؎ 0.6 mg ⅐ ml ؊1 ) than BQ8 (14.0 ؎ 0.6 mg ⅐ ml ؊1 ) after 100 h of culture. Nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and gas chromatographymass spectrometry analyses of Hydroform showed that it was a polyester PU type which also contained N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as an additive. Alicycliphilus sp. utilizes NMP during the first stage of growth and was able to use it as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, with calculated K s values of about 8 mg ⅐ ml ؊1 . Enzymatic activities related to PU degradation (esterase, protease, and urease activities) were tested by using differential media and activity assays in cell-free supernatants of bacterial cultures in MM-PUh. Induction of esterase activity in inoculated MM-PUh, but not that of protease or urease activities, was observed at 12 h of culture. Esterase activity reached its maximum at 18 h and was maintained at 50% of its maximal activity until the end of the analysis (120 h). The capacity of Alicycliphilus sp. to degrade PU was demonstrated by changes in the PU IR spectrum and by the numerous holes produced in solid PU observed by scanning electron microscopy after bacterial culture. Changes in the PU IR spectra indicate that an esterase activity is involved in PU degradation.Polyurethane (PU) was developed by Otto Bayer as a substitute for rubber at the beginning of World War II (1938). Due to its range of properties, the polymer is widely used, for example, in liquid coatings and paints, adhesives, sealants, flexible and rigid foams, and elastomers (7). Since PU is such a versatile polymer, PU production has increased, but this has brought with it the problem of safe disposal. Each year, more than 5 million tons of shredder residue containing different plastics and PU foams is generated in the United States and Canada (6). Several mechanical processes, such as regrinding, flexible foam bonding, adhesive pressing, and compression molding, as well as chemical techniques, such as glycolysis, hydrolysis, pyrolysis, and hydrogenation, are used for the recovery of the starting materials or in the production of other PU types (8). Recently, the development of new strategies based on the utilization of biopolymers such as poly[(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acids] (21), the enzymatic polymerization of polyesters and degradation of PU (28), and the discovery of microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) able to utilize PU as a source of carbon and nitrogen (12,31,32) is leading the move to a greener chemical industry.A number of bacterial strains, such as Corynebacterium sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. ch...

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“…Polyurethane is degraded by several fungal species, such as Fusarium solani, Aureobasidium pullulans sp., although its biodegradation is frequently incomplete [8,20]; a polyester PUR degrading enzyme produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas chlororaphis was isolated [21]. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is degraded by the bacterium Pseudomonas putida [22], polystyrene by the actinomycete Rhodococcus ruber [23].…”

Section: Gabriellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Degrading Microorganisms as a Tool for Bioremediation of Plastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments

Caruso¹

2015

J Pollut Eff Cont

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Growth of Pseudomonas chlororaphis on apolyester–polyurethane and the purification andcharacterization of a polyurethanase–esterase enzyme

Cited by 83 publications

References 16 publications

Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5

Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5

Characterization of the Polyurethanolytic Activity of Two Alicycliphilus sp. Strains Able To Degrade Polyurethane and N -Methylpyrrolidone

Plastic Degrading Microorganisms as a Tool for Bioremediation of Plastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments

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