Growth of typha grass (Typha angustifolia) on gold-mine tailings with application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi

Abstract

Setyaningsih L, Wulandari AS, Hamim H. 2018. Growth of typha grass (Typha angustifolia) on gold-mine tailings with application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi. Biodiversitas 19: 454-459. Gold mine tailings contain extreme physical and chemical properties, which inhibit plant growth due to lower nutrition and higher heavy metal contaminants. Typha (Typha angustifolia) is type of grass growing well on waterlogged area including tailing dam. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in combination with compost and soil on the typha growth in gold mine tailings. The study was conducted in greenhouse by inoculating two AMF isolates (Glomus etunicatum and G. manihotis) to typha seedlings grown in pure tailing media, mixed tailing-compost media, and mixed tailing-compost-soil media. The compatibility and growth of typha grass were analysed after 1 month. Results showed that G. etunicatum and G. manihotis application significantly increased AMF colonization of typha roots up to 16.6% and 21.8% respectively. The length, number of leaves and biomass of typha also increased up to 90%, 50% and 97% respectively compared to those without AMF inoculation. G. etunicatum contributed the best growth of typha grown in mixed compost-soil-tailings, resulting in double increase of its length and biomass. The application of G. manihotis did not significantly increase the growth of typha in mixed media; however, under pure tailing, this mycorrhiza had the best induction for typha biomass and leaf number. In general, AMF application increased growth of typha grass in tailings media.

The growth response of pokem (Setaria italica L.) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from tailings area

“…The numbers followed by the same letters on the mean of treatment and control were not significantly different in the 5% contrast test (+) / (-): interaction types and inoculums significant or not significant. The response of plant growth to AMF varies for each type of plant (Rohyadi et al, 2017;Setyaningsih et al, 2018;Begum et al, 2019). Some results of this study are different from those previous study by Suharno et al (2017) and Wilujeng et al (2020) on maize.…”

“…The inoculum response of C. etunicatum BGR to maize growth was lower than both but better than control (Suharno et al 2017). This may occur due to the differences in the response between species of AMF and host plants physiologically (Sancayaningsih et al, 2000;Suharno et al, 2017;Setyaningsih et al, 2018). The utilization of a single AMF type, combined AMF (consortium) and inoculum density have an effect in increasing biomass (Valsalakumar et al, 2007;Treseder, 2013), including maize (Sancayaningsih et al, 2000;Suharno et al, 2017).…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium enhance the growth of Samanea saman (trembesi) planted on gold-mine tailings in Pongkor, West Java, Indonesia

“…Nodule number/plant 24.0 a 20.0 a 52.0 b 22.0 a Note: Numbers followed by the different letters in the same line show significant differences based on the DMRT test with an error rate of 5% The 95% of survival rate of S. saman was greater than that was reported for other local plant species in West Kalimantan, such as Hevea brasiliensis, Archidendron pauciflorum, Shorea leprosula and Vitex pinnata (Ekyastuti et al, 2016;Jusran 2016). The dominance of plant species and the growth rate of certain plants in a mining area, especially tailings, is strongly influenced by the level of contamination, soil physical and chemical properties, the level of plant adaptation, and other environmental factors in mine tailings (Anawar et al, 2013;Ekyastuti et al, 2016;Setyaningsih 2018b, Lestari et al, 2019, including the adaptability of plants to limit the absorption of heavy metals at the roots (Reichman 2002;Setyaningsih et al, 2012) Dual inoculations with AMF and Rhizobium triggered a better growth of the S. saman seedlings than single inoculation treatment, as previously reported in a number of different plant species (Yaseen et al, 2016;Havugimana et al, 2016). AMF and Rhizobium inoculations can also play a pivotal role in increasing plant growth in areas with high heavy metal content through improved plant nutrition (Pierre et al, 2014).…”

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Wati (Piper methysticum), a Medicinal Plant from Merauke Lowland, Papua, Indonesia

“…In the future time, those native AMF spores may have potency to be developed as an inoculum for application as biofertilizer in cultivation of medicinal plant. These types of AMF can be utilized in the processes of land rehabilitation (Suharno et al, 2017;Setyaningsih et al, 2018), and improvement the performance of plant growth, both agricultural crops, plantations and forestry (Pagano et al, 2016).…”