Growth performance and biochemical blood parameters of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, and thinlip mullet, Liza ramada, fed a diet supplemented with lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) peel in a polyculture system

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the growth performance, survival, feed utilization, whole body composition and biochemical blood parameters of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus and thinlip mullet, Liza ramada, fed diets supplemented with four levels of lemon peel (0, 0.5, 1 and 2%) in a polyculture system. The fish were stocked in 2×5×1 m concrete tanks at a density of 40 Nile tilapia (0.6 g) and 10 thinlip mullet (3.3 g) fingerlings per tank and were fed a pelleted diet (~25% Crude protein), twice daily for 77 days. Treatment with 2% lemon peel had significant positive effects on growth, feed utilization and total biomass of Nile tilapia, whereas 0.5% lemon peel was optimal for thinlip mullet. The blood parameter results showed thatNile tilapia fed 2% dietary lemon peel had the lowest triglyceride, amylase and glucose levels. In contrast, thinlip mullet fed 0.5% dietary lemon peel had the highest levels of amylase and glucose compared with the other groups.

Influences of diets supplemented with pomegranate peel on haematology, blood biochemistry and immune status in monosex Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

“…Similar results have been documented in different fish species fed with Citrus spp. peel and oil (Acar et al 2015 andToutou et al 2018). In addition, similar results have been recorded for Huso huso (Khajepour and Hosseini, 2012) and hybrid tilapia (Yue and Zhou, 2008) fed soybean meal-supplemented diets.…”

“…Antibiotics are commonly used to control fish diseases; however, these compounds produce deleterious side effects. Therefore, researchers have sought to find alternative inexpensive, safe and effective natural products such as herbs, vegetables and other edible plants for use as growth promoters or immunostimulants (El-Dakar et al, 2015 andToutou et al 2018). The cost-effective production of highquality products from less-expensive agro-industrial by-products is a target within the feed industry in Egypt (El-Sayed et al 2014).…”

Dietary essential oil extract from sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and bitter lemon (Citrus limon) peels improved Nile tilapia performance and health status

“…Stress can interfere with the balance between oxidation systems and antioxidants because of excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reduction of antioxidant (Salem et al., 2019). Therefore, the use of EOs extracted from some fruits or plants as nutritional additives has drawn much worldwide publicity and several studies have been conducted indicating its role in diseases control, improving growth performance, nutrient absorption and immune response (Toutou et al., 2018; Vicente et al., 2019). Although the important role of EOs in fish growth and development is well known, the information on synergistic effects of EOs extract from bitter lemon ( Citrus limon ) and sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis ) peels on Nile tilapia under aquaculture conditions is very rare.…”

Marine-Derived Chitosan Nanoparticles Improved the Intestinal Histo-Morphometrical Features in Association with the Health and Immune Response of Grey Mullet (Liza ramada)

“…These fish species are mainly spread by the countries' northern coastal areas located on the southern Mediterranean Sea (e.g., Egypt) [2]. Grey Mullet (Liza ramada) can be farmed under the Egyptian conditions mostly in polyculture systems due to their high ability to benefit from the natural food cycles in the pond and the ability to utilize the formulated pellets, regardless of their protein content, as well as their high growth rate and their resistance against aquaculture stressors [3,4]. Moreover, fish are expected to suffer from malnutrition and stressful conditions, which induce inflammation in their intestinal health and deteriorate their intestinal immunity [5].…”