Growth promoting effects of human placental lactogen during early organogenesis: a link to insulin‐like growth factors

Karabulut, Ahmet Kağan; Layfield, Robert; Pratten, Margaret K.

doi:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19860651.x

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Tenday rat embryos were cultured in serum-depleted medium in the presence and absence of human (h) PL with the addition of Igf antisera. Addition of hPL to the depleted serum significantly improved embryonic growth and development, suggesting that the developing embryo may utilize hPL [21]. In this study, colocalization of mPL-II and Igf2 was observed in trophoblast cells in the labyrinth zone and giant trophoblast cells in the junctional zone of the placenta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Expression Profiling of Mouse Placental Lactogen II and Its Correlative Genes Using a cDNA Microarray Analysis in the Developmental Mouse Placenta

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The placenta is a highly differentiated organ essential for embryonic growth and development. In order to search for key molecules that are associated with mouse placental lactogen II (mPL-II) gene expression, we applied mouse cDNA microarray analysis to RNAs extracted from placentae on days 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 of pregnancy. Changes in gene expression were categorized between days 10 and 12, 12 and 14, 14 and 16 and 16 and 18 of pregnancy. After microarray analysis, which had a minimum detectable fold change for differential expression of 2, we selected 10 genes, Apoa2, Apoc2, Ceacam14, Creg1, Fmo1, Igf2, Slc2a1, Spink3, Spi1-1 and Tpbpa, exhibiting a expression pattern similar to the mPL-II gene. Furthermore, we performed real-time PCR analysis and in situ hybridization (ISH) to find correlative expression genes for the mPL-II gene. From these results, we identified a resemblance in gene expression between mPL-II and Igf2 and selected these genes for performance of double-fluorescence immunohistochemical staining. We colocalized these proteins in labyrinthine trophoblast cells. These results strongly suggest that the expression of mPL-II and Igf2 is highly related to placental development in mice. This large-scale identification of genes regulated during placentogenesis assists in further elucidation of the molecular basis of extraembryonic development and function.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Expression Profiling of Mouse Placental Lactogen II and Its Correlative Genes Using a cDNA Microarray Analysis in the Developmental Mouse Placenta

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similar to the growth hormone, hPL contributes to the reduction of insulin sensitivity [44]. hPL has been suggested to play a role in the control of embryonic growth [49]. Finally, lactogen hormones (hPL, hGH, PRL) have been implicated in the regulation of islet mass increase that occurs during normal pregnancy [50].…”

Section: Hormones Associated With Modifications In Insulin Secretion mentioning

confidence: 98%

Intermediate metabolism in normal pregnancy and in gestational diabetes

Cianni

Miccoli

Volpe

et al. 2003

Diabetes Metabolism Res

344

279

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Complex though integrated hormonal and metabolic changes characterize pregnancy. In the face of progressive decline in insulin action, glucose homeostasis is maintained through a compensatory increase in insulin secretion. This switches energy production from carbohydrates to lipids, making glucose readily available to the fetus. This precise and entangled hormonal and metabolic condition can, however, be disrupted and diabetic hyperglycemia can develop (gestational diabetes). The increase in plasma glucose level is believed to confer significant risk of complications to both the mother and the fetus and the newborn. Moreover, exposition of fetal tissues to the diabetic maternal environment can translate into an increased risk for development of diabetes and/or the metabolic syndrome in the adult life. In women with previous gestational diabetes, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes is greatly enhanced, to the point that GDM represents an early stage in the natural history of type 2 diabetes. In these women, accurate follow-up and prevention strategies are needed to reduce the subsequent development of overt diabetes. This paper will review current knowledge on the modifications occurring in normal pregnancy, while outlining the mechanisms. In this paper, we will review the changes of intermediary metabolism occurring during pregnancy. In particular, we will outline the mechanisms responsible for gestational diabetes; the link between these alterations and associated maternal and neonatal morbidity will be examined.

show abstract

“…Placental GH [17] and hPL [23] control embryo growth, likely via the opposing actions of insulin and insulin-like growth factors, inducing IR in humans [24]. hPL and prolactin increase maternal food intake by inducing central leptin resistance [17].…”

Section: Healthy Pregnancy: Changes In Glucose Metabolism and Immune mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Recommendations for the Use of Islet Cell Autoantibodies to Distinguish Autoimmune and Non-Autoimmune Gestational Diabetes

Haller-Kikkatalo

Uibo

2014

Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance that begins or is first recognized during pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM is highly variable, depending on the population studied, and reflects the underlying pattern of diabetes in the population. GDM manifests by the second half of pregnancy and disappears following delivery in most cases, but is associated with the risk of subsequent diabetes development. Normal pregnancy induces carbohydrate intolerance to favor the availability of nutrients for the fetus, which is compensated by increased insulin secretion from the maternal pancreas. Pregnancy shares similarities with adiposity in metabolism to save energy, and both conditions favor the development of insulin resistance (IR) and low-grade inflammation. A highly complicated network of modified regulatory mechanisms may primarily affect carbohydrate metabolism by promoting autoimmune reactions to pancreatic β cells and affecting insulin function. As a result, diabetes development during pregnancy is facilitated. Depending on a pregnant woman's genetic susceptibility to diabetes, autoimmune mechanisms or IR are fundamental to the development autoimmune or non-autoimmune GDM, respectively. Pregnancy may facilitate the identification of women at risk of developing diabetes later in life; autoimmune and non-autoimmune GDM may be early markers of the risk of future type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. The most convenient and efficient way to discriminate GDM types is to assess pancreatic β-cell autoantibodies along with diagnosing diabetes in pregnancy.

show abstract

Growth promoting effects of human placental lactogen during early organogenesis: a link to insulin‐like growth factors

Cited by 23 publications

References 56 publications

Expression Profiling of Mouse Placental Lactogen II and Its Correlative Genes Using a cDNA Microarray Analysis in the Developmental Mouse Placenta

Expression Profiling of Mouse Placental Lactogen II and Its Correlative Genes Using a cDNA Microarray Analysis in the Developmental Mouse Placenta

Intermediate metabolism in normal pregnancy and in gestational diabetes

Clinical Recommendations for the Use of Islet Cell Autoantibodies to Distinguish Autoimmune and Non-Autoimmune Gestational Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About