GROWTH RATE MEASUREMENT OF C₆₀ FULLERENE NANOWHISKERS

Abstract

The growth rate of C 60 fullerene nanowhiskers ( C 60NWs) prepared by the liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method is measured and the growth mechanism is discussed. The growth of C 60NWs is investigated from the data obtained at the growth temperatures of 5, 10, 15 and 20°C. It is found that the convection of the solution scarcely influences the growth rate, suggesting that a surface reaction of C 60 molecules dominates the growth process. The activation energy of C 60NWs' growth is estimated at about 52.8 kJ/mol from their initial stage of growth. This activation energy is much greater than that of C 60 diffusion in solutions found in the literature. This result suggests that the desolvation process of C 60 on the whisker surface governs the growth of C 60NWs.

The effect of solvent ratio and water on the growth of C60 nanowhiskers

“…8(a) and (b) as a function of 1/T, where T is the absolute temperature (K). The length growth rates were calculated from the length increment of the initial 5 min as previously reported [15].…”

“…Not only long fibrous C 60 NWs with lengths greater than several millimeters [13] but also short C 60 NWs with lengths from several micrometers to several tens of micrometers can be prepared by the LLIP method [10,[14][15][16].…”

“…(2) Growth of C 60 NWs depends on temperature. The growth activation energy of C 60 NWs was measured to be 52.8 kJ/mol in the system of C 60 -saturated toluene solution and IPA [15]. (3) Growth of C 60 NWs is promoted by addition of a small amount of water [36].…”

Catalytic Activity for Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol with [C₆₀]Fullerene Nanowhisker-Silver Nanoparticle Composites

“…4,5) The growth of [C 60 ]fullerene nanowhiskers is affected by light, temperature, and concentration of water ratio of the poor solvent to the good solvent for [C 60 ]fullerene during the LLIP method. [5][6][7][8][9][10] The polymerization of [C 60 ]fullerene molecules by weak van der Waals interactions has attracted attention due to its promising properties as a carbon nanomaterial. 11,12) [C 60 ]fullerene nanowhiskers polymerize under laser-beam irradiation conditions.…”

Long-term Growth Investigation of C₆₀ Fullerene Nanowhiskers

“…It has been reported that the factors of light, temperature, growth time, water and the kind and composition of solvents influence the growth of C 60 NWs when the LLIP method was applied to the synthesis of C 60 NWs [18,19,20].…”