Growth Rates and Nutrient Uptake by Corn in a Fertilizer‐Spacing Experiment<sup>1</sup>

Jordan, Howard V.; Laird, Kermit D.; Ferguson, D. D.

doi:10.2134/agronj1950.00021962004200060001x

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Maize was sampled beginning at 40 days after seeding for each cropping system and continued every 10 days until 90 days after seeding. Studies of maize have shown that most of the N is accumulated by 90 days after seeding (Jordan et al, 1950;Hanway, 1962). Harvest data were taken in mid October, approximately 160 days after seeding.…”

Section: Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining fertilizer and organic inputs to synchronize N supply in alternative cropping systems in California

Kramer

Doane

Horwáth

et al. 2002

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

111

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One of the principal aims of alternative cropping systems is to minimize excessive loss of N while maximizing N use efficiency and meeting crop N requirements. Many such cropping systems substitute intensive application of synthetic fertilizer with organic inputs, such as N 2 -fixing legumes. The effectiveness of legume residues as a N source for subsequent crops depends heavily on temporal N release from the residue during the growing season. A field experiment with 15 N-labeled fertilizer and 15 N-labeled vetch residue was conducted to determine the temporal pattern of N release from both sources in conventional and alternative cropping systems in California. The experiment was conducted within conventional (fertilizer), low-input (fertilizer and organic N), and organic (organic N only) cropping systems established 9 year previously. Availability of N from the labeled inputs was determined based on uptake by maize (Zea mays L.). Uptake of total N and 15 N by maize in each cropping system was monitored at 10 day intervals from 50 to 90 days after seeding for determination of uptake rates. Uptake of N from fertilizer in the conventional system was greater than uptake of N from vetch in the low-input and organic systems. Uptake of N from vetch was delayed, but with a sustained availability later in the season. Uptake rates of N from fertilizer peaked at 4.3 kg N ha −1 per day between 70 and 80 days while those from vetch residue reached a maximum of 0.6 kg N ha −1 per day during the same time period. Grain and N yield at harvest did not differ between cropping systems despite different temporal and quantitative availability of N from organic and inorganic N inputs. This demonstrates that optimum yields can be achieved under management which uses alternative sources of N and can successfully match N availability with crop uptake.

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Section: Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining fertilizer and organic inputs to synchronize N supply in alternative cropping systems in California

Kramer

Doane

Horwáth

et al. 2002

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

111

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“…Only statistically significant levels (P < 0.05) for single or interacting main factors (plant density [PD] reported by Hanway (1962b), Heckman and Kamprath (1992), Mallarino (1996), and Mallarino and Higashi (2009). Under severe N deficiency (>50% reduction in BM), P and K dilutions were fitted by two models (0 N vs. 67-134 kg N ha -1 ) (Jordan et al, 1950). Further details related to nutrient dilution models can be found in Terman and Noggle (1973).…”

Section: Nutrient Content Evolution: Phosphorus Potassium and Sulfurmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interaction between N and K is complex (Zhang et al, 2010). Under severe N deficiency (BM reduction >50%), different K dilution patterns were evident for 0 vs. 67 to 134 kg N ha -1 (Jordan et al, 1950), which was further exacerbated under higher PD (30,000 vs. 10,000 plants ha -1 ). In addition, application of only N and P (under low soil K supply) increased BM and N content while depressing the plant K status (Wang et al, 2007).…”

Section: Dissecting the Internal Efficiencies: Grain Nutrient Concentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize Nutrient Accumulation and Partitioning in Response to Plant Density and Nitrogen Rate: I. Macronutrients

et al. 2013

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Understanding nutrient balances in changing cropping systems is critical to appropriately adjust agronomic recommendations and inform breeding efforts to increase nutrient efficiencies. Research to determine the season‐long P, K, and S uptake and partitioning dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.) as affected by low, medium, and high plant density (PD) and N rate factors and their interactions was conducted over four site‐years in Indiana. Plant nutrient contents at maturity responded predominantly to N rate. Relative nutrient contents at silking compared with those at maturity were 47% for P, 100% for K, and 58% for S. Concentrations of P, K, and S varied less in leaf vs. stem (vegetative stage) and in ear vs. shoot (reproductive stage). Equivalent stoichiometric ratios were documented for N and S partitioning in leaf, stem, and ear components. The PD and N rate treatments did not modify P, K, and S nutrient partitioning to plant components during vegetative or reproductive periods (except for an N rate effect on leaf vs. stem P partitioning). Near silking, relative nutrient partitioning to the ear followed the order P > S > K. This mimicked the nutrient harvest indices observed at maturity, suggesting genetic modulation. Ratios of N to P, K, and S in whole‐plant tissues were influenced by N content changes in response to N rate but not by PD. As the season progressed, PD and N rates changed the absolute P, K, and S quantities (primarily reflecting biomass responses) but had little influence on nutrient ratios.

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“…Early planting produces a shorter corn plant and a higher grain-stover ratio. Work by Jordan et al (1950) in Mississippi indicated that with no nitrogen added the grain-stover ratio was 1:4.7 while with 134 kg of N/ha (120 lb/acre) the ratio was 1:1.…”

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confidence: 99%

Plant Morphology and Stand Geometry in Relation to Nitrogen

Chandler

2015

Physiological Aspects of Crop Yield

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Growth Rates and Nutrient Uptake by Corn in a Fertilizer‐Spacing Experiment¹

Cited by 44 publications

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Combining fertilizer and organic inputs to synchronize N supply in alternative cropping systems in California

Combining fertilizer and organic inputs to synchronize N supply in alternative cropping systems in California

Maize Nutrient Accumulation and Partitioning in Response to Plant Density and Nitrogen Rate: I. Macronutrients

Plant Morphology and Stand Geometry in Relation to Nitrogen

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Growth Rates and Nutrient Uptake by Corn in a Fertilizer‐Spacing Experiment1

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Combining fertilizer and organic inputs to synchronize N supply in alternative cropping systems in California

Combining fertilizer and organic inputs to synchronize N supply in alternative cropping systems in California

Maize Nutrient Accumulation and Partitioning in Response to Plant Density and Nitrogen Rate: I. Macronutrients

Plant Morphology and Stand Geometry in Relation to Nitrogen

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Product

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Growth Rates and Nutrient Uptake by Corn in a Fertilizer‐Spacing Experiment¹