Growth response and feed utilisation in the tropical cichlid Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linn.) fed on cottonseed-based artificial diets

Ofojekwu, P. C.; Ejike, Chukwunonso E.C.C.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(84)90310-7

Cited by 52 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These results are consistent with similar work done by Mbahinzireki et al (2001) on tilapia and reported depressed growth and even (2000) reported growth retardation and poor feed utilization in tilapia when CSM protein replaced 67% of fish meal protein. Ofojekwu and Ejike (1984) reported that CSM could not be used as a sole protein source for O. niloticus because the fish exhibited poor growth, food conversion and specific growth rate when fed diets with CSM as sole protein source. These findings contradicted an earlier report by Jackson et al (1982) that tilapia grew well on CSMbased protein, even at 100% level of inclusion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature on the effects of feeding CSM to tilapia is contradictory. While the majority of investigators have recommended inclusion of CSM at levels not exceeding 50% (Ofojekwu and Ejike, 1984;Mbahinzireki et al, 2001), a few have even indicated that CSM could totally substitute animal protein in tilapia diets (Jackson et al, 1982;ElSayed, 1990). The extent to which CSM may substitute fish meal protein is limited by the level of gossypol and other antinutrients in it (Mbahinzireki et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cottonseed meal (CSM) which is a by-product of cotton after fibre and oil production is often used as a component in domestic animal feeds due to its relatively high protein content. Some work has been done on the nutritional value of cottonseed meal for tilapia (Jackson et al, 1982;1984;El-Sayed, 1990;Mbahinzireki et al, 2001;El-Saidy and Gaber, 2003). Literature on the effects of feeding CSM to tilapia is contradictory.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of dietary cottonseed meal protein levels on growth and feed utilization of Nile <i>tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L</i>

Agbo¹,

Madalla²,

Jauncey³

2011

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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ABSTRACT:The nutritional suitability and cost effectiveness of cottonseed meal (CSM) as protein source in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) with mean initial weight 4.24±0.20 g, was evaluated over a 56-day growth period. Four isonitrogenous (320 g kg -1 ), isolipidic (100 g kg -1 ) and isoenergetic (18 KJ g -1 ) test diets were formulated in which CSM protein replaced fish meal (FM) protein at levels of 0% (control), 25%, 50% and 75%. The control diet had FM as the sole protein source. The growth experiment was conducted in plastic tanks in a recirculation system each dietary treatment was in triplicate. After 56 days of feeding fish at 6% -4% body weight per day, CSM protein replacements of 25% and 50% did not significantly (P<0.05) affect growth (Specific Growth Rate, Weight Gain) and feed utilization (Feed Intake, Feed Conversion Ratio, Protein Efficiency Ratio, Apparent Net Protein Utilization and Energy Retention). However, the highest replacement level (75%) significantly reduced these parameters compared to the control diet and this was attributed to low levels of lysine, methionine and threonine and also to high levels of gossypol, trypsin inhibitors saponin and phytic acid in the diet. In terms of cost effectiveness, all the CSM based diets were more profitable than the control. The study indicated that CSM could replace at least 50% of fish meal protein in the diet of O. niloticus without adversely affecting growth and feed utilization and the most cost effective diet was also the diet with 50% inclusion level of CSM. @JASEM

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of dietary cottonseed meal protein levels on growth and feed utilization of Nile <i>tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L</i>

Agbo¹,

Madalla²,

Jauncey³

2011

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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“…Some studies have attempted to determine the dietary protein requirements of tilapia to maximize growth (Cruz & Laudencia 1977; Davis & Stickney 1978; Mazid, Tanaka, Katayama, Asadur Rahman, Simpson & Chichester 1979; Winfree & Stickney 1981; De Silva & Perera 1985; Wang, Takeuchi & Watanabe 1985a, b; El‐Saidy, Gaber & Magouz 1999). Others have been directed towards identifying low‐cost, readily available, raw materials as protein sources for tilapia diets (Jackson, Capper & Matty 1982; Ofojekwa & Ejike 1984; Gaber 1996; El‐Saidy & Gaber 2002a; El‐Saidy & Gaber 2003). Feeding level influences growth rates in both male and female Nile tilapia (Van der Meer, Faber, Zamora & Verdegem 1997; Siddiqui, Al‐Harbi & Al‐Hafedh 1997; El‐Saidy & Gaber 2002b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary protein levels and feeding rates on growth performance, production traits and body composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) cultured in concrete tanks

El-Saidy

Gaber

2005

Aquac Research

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A 28‐week feeding trial was conducted in concrete tanks with Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) with an average initial weight and length of 61.9±6.03 (g fish−1) and 17.6±0.45 (cm fish−1), respectively, to examine the effect of two protein levels and three feeding levels (% body weight (BW) day−1) on growth performance, production traits and body composition. Twelve 4‐m3 concrete tanks (2 × 2 × 1.25 m, long, width and height) were each stocked with 100 fish and fed diets containing either 25% or 30% crude protein at rates of 1%, 2% and 3% BW daily (2 × 3 factorial experiment). The results revealed that there was no significant increase in growth rate with increasing dietary protein levels, whereas there was significant increase in growth rate with increasing feeding levels (P≤0.05). The same trend was also observed for mean BW (g), mean body length (cm), production rate (kg m−3), specific growth rate (SGR % day−1), feed conversion ratio (FCR), condition factor (K) and survival rate (%). The best final mean BW (g), final mean body length (cm), SGR (% day−1), FCR, K, production rate (kg m−3) and survival rate (%) were recorded in groups of fish fed with 25% dietary protein at the 2% feeding level. Whole fish fat and energy contents were not significantly influenced (P>0.05) by protein levels and feeding levels. Protein and ash contents were significantly (P≤0.05) influenced by feeding level, but not by dietary protein level. Economic evaluation indicated that dietary protein 25% (diet A) at the 2% BW day−1 feeding level was the most cost‐effective and affordable feed strategy for farmers. We conclude that a 25% protein diet fed at 2% BW day−1 is recommended for adult Nile tilapia reared in concrete tanks.

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“…The literature available on the effects of feeding CSM to tilapia is contradictory. Ofojekwu and Ejike (1984) reported a much lower weight gain and feed efficiency of Oreochromus niloticus fed with cottonseed cake diet compared with fishmeal based diet. Robinson et al (1984a) reported that neither glanded nor glandless cottonseed meals appeared to be as high in nutritive value for Tilapia sp.…”

Section: Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini review on Incorporation of Cotton Seed Meal, an Alternative to Fish Meal in Aquaculture Feeds

Kumar¹,

Ramudu

Devi

2014

International Journal of Biological Research

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Fish nutrition has advanced dramatically in recent years with the development of new balanced commercial diets that promote best fish growth and health. Feed accounts for a major part (30-70%) of the total operation cost of an average fish farm. Traditionally, animal protein sources, particularly fishmeal have been the major ingredient of aqua feeds. Fishmeal is one of the most expensive ingredients in formulated fish feeds. Due to increasing demand, decreasing supply and the high cost of fish meal, fish nutritionists have concentrated their efforts to find alternative protein sources to substitute fish meal in the diet of fish. Thus, cottonseed meal (CSM), a by-product of the cotton fiber and cottonseed oil industries, may be used to replace fish meal partially or totally in fish diets. However, the cottonseed meal was evaluated by its anti-nutritional factors and its impact on the growth, survival, carcass composition and histopathology of fishes. It is observed that the more research is concentrated on the gossypol content in the cottonseed meal which is described as the antinutritional factor that shows high impact on the growth, carcass composition and pathological changes in the fish. Hence, considering these problems it is advised to use low levels of cottonseed meal in the aqua feeds. The gossypol level can be minimized by the solvent extracted cottonseed meal and be counteracted by the fortification of lysine and adding up of required iron levels. Further research may be required in histopathological studies to assess the toxicity levels in the tissues of the fish due to the gossypol factor.

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Growth response and feed utilisation in the tropical cichlid Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linn.) fed on cottonseed-based artificial diets

Cited by 52 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of dietary cottonseed meal protein levels on growth and feed utilization of Nile <i>tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L</i>

Effects of dietary cottonseed meal protein levels on growth and feed utilization of Nile <i>tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L</i>

Effect of dietary protein levels and feeding rates on growth performance, production traits and body composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) cultured in concrete tanks

Mini review on Incorporation of Cotton Seed Meal, an Alternative to Fish Meal in Aquaculture Feeds

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