Growth response of subalpine fir (<i>Abies lasiocarpa</i>) to climate in the Olympic Mountains, Washington, USA

Ettl, Gregory J.; Peterson, David L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00023.x

Cited by 75 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Several researchers also reported that a major climatic factor enhancing the tree growth was summer precipitation at a low altitude, but was summer temperature at a high altitude in boreal forests and in subalpine forests (Ettl & Peterson 1995;Buckley et al 1997;Peterson & Peterson 2001;Wilson & Hopfmueller 2001;Mäkinen et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, some researchers have discussed that frequent seedling establishment occurred in warmer and/or more mesic years near the timberlines (Kullman 1986;Taylor 1995;Kajimoto et al 1998;Camarero & Gutiérrez 1999;Gervais & MacDonald 2000). In addition, many dendrochronological studies have revealed that radial growth of trees near the timberlines increased in ameliorated years with higher temperatures than the average (Ettl & Peterson 1995;Gostev et al 1996;Buckley et al 1997;Peterson & Peterson 2001;Wilson & Hopfmueller 2001). Trees may respond to climatic conditions more quickly in growth rather than seedling establishment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climatic factors affecting the tree‐ring width of Betula ermanii at the timberline on Mount Norikura, central Japan

Takahashi

Tokumitsu

Yasue

2005

Ecological Research

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Takahashi et al. 2Tree-ring width chronology of Betula ermanii was developed at the timberline (2400 m a.s.l.) on Mount Norikura in central Japan, and climatic factors affecting the tree-ring width of B. ermanii were examined. Three monthly climatic data were used for the analysis (i.e., mean temperature, insolation duration, and sum of precipitation). The tree-ring width of B. ermanii was negatively correlated with December and January temperatures and with January precipitation prior to the growth. However, why high temperatures and much snow in winter had negative effects on the growth of B. ermanii is unknown. The tree-ring width was positively correlated with summer temperatures during June to August of the current year. The tree-ring width was also positively correlated with the insolation duration in July of the current year. On the contrary, the tree-ring width was negatively correlated with summer precipitation during July to September of the current year. However, these negative correlations of summer precipitation do not seem to be independent of temperature and insolation duration, i.e., much precipitation reduced the insolation duration and temperature. Therefore, it is suggested that much insolation duration and high temperature due to less precipitation in summer of the current year increase the radial growth of B. ermanii at the timberline.The results were also compared with those of our previous study conducted in the lower altitudinal limit of B. ermanii (approximately 1600 m a.s.l.) on Mount Norikura. This study suggests that climatic factors increasing the radial growth of B. ermanii differ between its upper and lower altitudinal limits.Key words: Betula ermanii; climatic conditions; dendrochronology; Mount Norikura; timberline; tree-ring width chronology. Takahashi et al. 3 INTRODUCTIONTimberlines are the most severe climatic conditions such as low temperature, strong winds and short growing season for plants along altitudinal gradients, and therefore, the regeneration of trees at the timberlines is supposed to be sensitive to climatic changes (e.g., Briffa & Osborn 1999;Kusnierczyk & Ettl 2002;Lloyd & Fastie 2002;Chapin et al. 2004;Daniels & Veblen 2004;Dullinger et al. 2004). For example, some researchers have discussed that frequent seedling establishment occurred in warmer and/or more mesic years near the timberlines (Kullman 1986;Taylor 1995;Kajimoto et al. 1998;Camarero & Gutiérrez 1999;Gervais & MacDonald 2000). In addition, many dendrochronological studies have revealed that radial growth of trees near the timberlines increased in ameliorated years with higher temperatures than the average (Ettl & Peterson 1995;Gostev et al. 1996;Buckley et al. 1997;Peterson & Peterson 2001;Wilson & Hopfmueller 2001). Trees may respond to climatic conditions more quickly in growth rather than seedling establishment. Thus, the growth is a useful indicator to examine how climatic conditions affect regeneration of trees at the timberlines. Although many researchers investigated the effects of climat...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic factors affecting the tree‐ring width of Betula ermanii at the timberline on Mount Norikura, central Japan

Takahashi

Tokumitsu

Yasue

2005

Ecological Research

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“…Cui and Smith (1991) found that subalpine fir is sensitive to soil moisture stress which can prevent establishment on exposed sites. Ettl and Peterson (1995) also found that subalpine fir is sensitive to variation in soil moisture with species response to climate also being mediated on sites which maintain suitable soil moisture and exacerbated on sites where moisture is limiting. The response of subalpine fir in this modeling study reflects this behavior.…”

Section: Impact Of Changes In Climatic and Resource Availability On Smentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of climate change, site type, and disturbance on stand dynamics in northwest British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2012

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Stand and disturbance dynamics are key processes that need to be assessed along with climate‐species interactions if we are to better understand the impacts of climate change on species. In this study we investigated the biotic interactions (competition) between species, the influence of disturbance type, and changes in resource availability (moisture and light) on the response of six tree species to climate change in the northwest region of central British Columbia, Canada. Two ecological models were parameterized, linked together and coupled to climate change scenarios to explore the interactions between: (1) the response of species in the regeneration phase and (2) the role of disturbance, resource availability and competition on determining stand composition and productivity. Climate change was found to reduce soil moisture availability which resulted in a decline in regeneration potential for all species on dry sites and negative to neutral responses on sites with higher water availability. Following fire, stand dynamics and composition were modeled to undergo significant changes under the 2080s climate compared to current climate conditions on dry and mesic sites. Changes in stand dynamics under climate change were marginal following bark beetle disturbances. While significant changes to stand dynamics were found on dry sites, the presented results suggest that the sites with the highest moisture availability maintain the same general stand dynamics and composition following disturbances under climate change. This study highlights the need to consider species response to climate change in interaction with existing stand conditions, disturbance type, competition, resource availability, not just temperature and precipitation.

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“…The fundamental unit of ecological analysis is the organism (Schneider 1994) and fundamental scales are those at which the organism strongly interacts with critical or limiting resources in its environment. Each species will respond to factors across a range of scales in space and time based on its life history strategy and ecological adaptations (Ball and Gimblett 1992, Ettl and Peterson 1995. Ecological responses to biophysical gradients must be quantified at scales that match the biological interactions of individual organisms.…”

Section: Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Research agenda for integrated landscape modeling

Cushman¹,

McKenzie²,

Peterson³

et al. 2007

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Reliable predictions of how changing climate and disturbance regimes will affect forest ecosystems are crucial for effective forest management. Current fire and climate research in forest ecosystem and community ecology offers data and methods that can inform such predictions. However, research in these fields occurs at different scales, with disparate goals, methods, and context. Often results are not readily comparable among studies and defy integration. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of three modeling paradigms: empirical gradient models, mechanistic ecosystem models, and stochastic landscape disturbance models. We then propose a synthetic approach to multi-scale analysis of the effects of climatic change and disturbance on forest ecosystems. Empirical gradient models provide an anchor and spatial template for stand-level forest ecosystem models by quantifying key parameters for individual species and accounting for broad-scale geographic variation among them. Gradient imputation transfers predictions of fine-scale forest composition and structure across geographic space. Mechanistic ecosystem dynamic models predict the responses of biological variables to specific environmental drivers and facilitate understanding of temporal dynamics and disequilibrium. Stochastic landscape dynamics models predict frequency, extent, and severity of broad-scale disturbance. A robust linkage of these three modeling paradigms will facilitate prediction of the effects of altered fire and other disturbance regimes on forest ecosystems at multiple scales and in the context of climatic variability and change. You may order additional copies of this publication by sending your mailing information in label form through one of the following media. Please specify the publication title and series number. Publishing Services Executive SummaryThe overall goal of the integrated modeling program described in this document is to obtain fine-scale predictions of ecosystem attributes across large geographical areas and project them over time under changing climate and disturbance regimes.Reliable prediction requires focus on mechanisms and responses and attention to spatial heterogeneity and temporal disequilibria.The fundamental unit of ecological analysis is the organism, and fundamental scales are those at which the organism strongly interacts with critical or limiting resources.A multi-scale approach is thus required, incorporating ecological conditions at the scale of treefall gaps, slope facets, catchments, and watersheds.Gradient analysis of environmental tolerances, ecosystem dynamics modeling, and landscape dynamics simulation modeling all contribute components required to predict the ecological responses of forests to changing climate and disturbanceMany of the sources of uncertainty in gradient modeling can be mitigated by addressing biotic interactions, spatial dependence, and scaling relationships with multi-scale modeling and hierarchical variance partitioning within the driver-response paradigm.Predictive vege...

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Growth response of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) to climate in the Olympic Mountains, Washington, USA

Cited by 75 publications

References 64 publications

Climatic factors affecting the tree‐ring width of Betula ermanii at the timberline on Mount Norikura, central Japan

Climatic factors affecting the tree‐ring width of Betula ermanii at the timberline on Mount Norikura, central Japan

The influence of climate change, site type, and disturbance on stand dynamics in northwest British Columbia, Canada

Research agenda for integrated landscape modeling

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