Growth response to ozone of annual species from Mediterranean pastures

Gimeno, B.S.; Bermejo, V.; Sanz, J.; Torre, D. de la; Elvira, Susana

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.022

Cited by 57 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In temperate grasslands, experimental O 3 treatment reduced seed number, fruit number, and weight, but increased flower number and flower weight in a number of species, for example, in paper birch ( Betula papyrifera ) (Leisner & Ainsworth, 2012), and decreased seed weight and germination rate (Darbah et al., 2008) with implications for the establishment and survival of the progeny. Where plant composition greatly depends on the belowground seed pool, declining reproductive success can be caused by elevated O 3 exposure, such as in the Dehesa annual grasslands, which cover several million hectares in the Iberian Peninsula within the highly O 3 ‐exposed “Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrubs” ER (Table 1; Gimeno, Bermejo, Sanz, De La Torre, & Elvira, 2004). …”

Section: Changes In Plant Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future ozone risks to global terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes

Fuhrer

Martin

Mills

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Risks associated with exposure of individual plant species to ozone (O3) are well documented, but implications for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes have received insufficient attention. This is an important gap because feedbacks to the atmosphere may change as future O3 levels increase or decrease, depending on air quality and climate policies. Global simulation of O3 using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) revealed that in 2000, about 40% of the Global 200 terrestrial ecoregions (ER) were exposed to O3 above thresholds for ecological risks, with highest exposures in North America and Southern Europe, where there is field evidence of adverse effects of O3, and in central Asia. Experimental studies show that O3 can adversely affect the growth and flowering of plants and alter species composition and richness, although some communities can be resilient. Additional effects include changes in water flux regulation, pollination efficiency, and plant pathogen development. Recent research is unraveling a range of effects belowground, including changes in soil invertebrates, plant litter quantity and quality, decomposition, and nutrient cycling and carbon pools. Changes are likely slow and may take decades to become detectable. CESM simulations for 2050 show that O3 exposure under emission scenario RCP8.5 increases in all major biomes and that policies represented in scenario RCP4.5 do not lead to a general reduction in O3 risks; rather, 50% of ERs still show an increase in exposure. Although a conceptual model is lacking to extrapolate documented effects to ERs with limited or no local information, and there is uncertainty about interactions with nitrogen input and climate change, the analysis suggests that in many ERs, O3 risks will persist for biodiversity at different trophic levels, and for a range of ecosystem processes and feedbacks, which deserves more attention when assessing ecological implications of future atmospheric pollution and climate change.

show abstract

Section: Changes In Plant Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future ozone risks to global terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes

Fuhrer

Martin

Mills

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gimeno et al (2004a) indicated that, under high O3 levels, 70% of the assayed legume species experienced a reduction in their relative growth; meanwhile, 75% of the studied grasses showed no effect in terms of growth. These heterogeneous responses among species can potentially alter the structure and composition of the pastures in areas under chronic O3 pollution, although no studies up to the present work have been done that consider the O3 effects at community scale.…”

Section: Effects On Growth and Biomass Productionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Since the last decade, significant effort is ongoing for assessing the O3 responses of annual species belonging to these Mediterranean pastures. Ozone has been recognized as an important negative factor causing foliar damage and affecting their growth, yield, consumable food value and reproductive capacity (Bermejo et al, 2003;Gimeno et al, 2004a;Sanz et al, 2005Sanz et al, , 2007Sanz et al, , 2011Sanz et al, , 2014. To investigate the pollutant effects on pasture, these studies employed…”

Section: Ozone Effects On Therophytic Pasturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly with the visible injury effects, annual legumes in general show higher O3-sensitivity than annual grasses when biomass effects are evaluated, even when the underground biomass is considered; although there are also tolerant legumes like the Ornithopus or Anthillys genus (Gimeno et al, 2004a).…”

Section: Effects On Growth and Biomass Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is only one previous experiment that utilized simple mesocosms with 2-species mixtures in Gimeno et al (2004a).…”

Section: Effects On Ecosystem Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Productivity and quality of dehesa pastures in relation to global change : increasing tropospheric ozone and nitrogen deposition

Sogo¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resumen X que a los niveles ambientales del contaminante. Por ello, se recomienda que los análisis de riesgo de O3 para pastos anuales se basen siempre en niveles críticos basados en flujos (POD). El uso de modelos de crecimiento del pasto, ligados a la aproximación multi-específica del DO3SE para el cálculo de la absorción de O3 a escala de dosel, son mas precisos para refinar los análisis de riesgo que los basados en índices de concentración como el AOT40. biomass species composition and gas exchange response parameters were measured, as well as forage quality parameters that are usually less studied. Based on the quantification of the effects, and the modelling exercises for calculating O3 uptake inside the plants through a new multi-species approach of the Deposition of Ozone and Stomatal Exchange (DO3SE) model, new O3 exposure-and doseresponse relationships were derived and threshold limits (critical levels) for this pollutant were proposed for the protection of annual communities. The canopy approach is a novel consideration which brings forward the current individual species approach. Moreover, three years of field data on growth, phenology and species composition from a natural Dehesa pasture were collected and analyzed. ABSTRACTFinally, based on all the information available, a 3-years O3-risk assessment study was performed for a natural Dehesa pasture. The pasture yield at canopy level showed similar response patterns to the treatments for the two growing seasons analysed: O3 caused a yield loss that was partially mitigated by N-fertilization; simultaneously, O3 reduced the fertilization effect of N. Accordingly, O3 decreased the community Gross Primary Production Abstract XV due to both a global reduction of ecosystem CO2 exchange and an increase of ecosystem respiration. The results at the species level showed heterogeneous responses to both factors, O3 and N. Legumes did not react to N but were very sensitive to O3:Trifolium species responded negatively, while Ornithopus responded positively, taking advantage of the greater sensitivity of clovers to O3. Thus, the legumelegume competition plays an important role in the system under polluted environments. The grasses and the herb were more O3-tolerant than the Trifolium but more responsive to N, especially the grasses. The significant interactions between factors followed the general pattern described at canopy scale, a loss of effectiveness of N in O3-polluted atmospheres and an ability of the fertilizer to counterbalance the damage induced by O3; but both effects were dependent on the species, and on the O3 and N levels. The direction of the interaction can reverse if N is too high at the highest O3 levels, as it was found for T. striatum roots. In this situation, the fertilizer increased the O3-induced root reduction. Both factors might affect the competitive relationships among species through their heterogeneous responses to O3 and N, affecting the structure and composition of Mediterranean annual pastures.Ozone and N-inputs also affected the car...

show abstract