Growth responses of Populus tremuloides clones to interacting elevated carbon dioxide and tropospheric ozone

Isebrands, J. G.; McDonald, Evan P.; Kruger, Eric L.; Hendrey, George R.; Percy, Kevin E.; Pregitzer, Kurt S.; Söber, J.; Karnosky, David F.

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(01)00227-5

Cited by 137 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This change in plant quality has the potential to increase herbivory levels due to insect overcompensation for poor nutritional quality of the tissues. In general, plants growing under increased O 3 conditions exhibit decreased photosynthetic rates, decreased leaf area, premature leaf abscission and weakened branch and root growth (Isebrands et al 2001). For insects, the effects of elevated O 3 are likely to be indirect and will depend upon the magnitude of change in host plant quality (bottom-up factors) and/or natural enemy impact (top-down factors).…”

Section: Eff Ects Of Increased O 3 In the Tropospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and its effects on terrestrial insects and herbivory patterns

Cornelissen¹

2011

Neotrop. entomol.

193

117

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Climate change and extreme weather events affect plants and animals and the direct impact of anthropogenic climate change has been documented extensively over the past years. In this review, I address the main consequences of elevated CO 2 and O 3 concentrations, elevated temperature and changes in rainfall patterns on the interactions between insects and their host plants. Because of their tight relationship with host plants, insect herbivores are expected to suffer direct and indirect effects of climate change through the changes experienced by their host plants, with consequences to population dynamics, community structure and ecosystem functioning. Introducti onClimate change and extreme weather events affect plants and animals and the direct impact of anthropogenic climate change has been documented on every continent, in every ocean, and in most major taxonomic groups (Parmesan 2006 and references therein). As a consequence of recent human activities and its effects on global climate, plants will face new environmental conditions in the near future, such as elevated CO 2 and O 3 concentrations, elevated temperature and UV radiation, and changes in rainfall patterns over the seasons. Insects represent almost half of the biodiversity so far described (Speight et al 1999) and are central pieces on ecosystem structure and function (Crawley 1983). Because of their tight relationship with host plants, insect herbivores are expected to suffer direct and indirect effects of climate change through the changes experienced by their host plants.Global climatic changes are expected to impact insect-plant interactions in several ways. They might affect insects directly, through changes in physiology, behavior and life history parameters, as well as indirectly, through changes experienced by host plants in their morphology (Barnes et al 1988 (Gifford et al 1996, Yadugiri 2010) and patterns of richness, diversity and abundance (Thuiller et al 2005, Kazakis et al 2007. Insects play important roles in ecosystem services, acting as herbivores, pollinators, predators and parasitoids, and changes in their abundance and diversity have the potential to alter the services they provide (Hillstrom & Lindroth 2008). The number of studies reporting climate change effects on insects has rapidly increased during the past 20 years. A keyword search for "climate change" and "insects" in the Science Citation Index Expanded (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) resulted in almost 500 references, with a sharp increase over the past ive years (277 studies from 2006 to 2010, compared with 102 references from 2001 to 2005). As a result, a great body of literature has accumulated and several other authors reviewed the topic, both qualitatively (e.g., Watt et al 1995, Lindroth 1996, Bezemer & Jones 1998, Parmesan 2006, Tylianakis et al 2008 and quantitatively, using meta-analytical techniques (e.g., Zvereva & Kozlov 2006, Stiling & Cornelissen 2007, Wu et...

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Section: Eff Ects Of Increased O 3 In the Tropospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and its effects on terrestrial insects and herbivory patterns

Cornelissen¹

2011

Neotrop. entomol.

193

117

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“…Since these two gases generally induce opposite sets of physiological responses, there is considerable uncertainty as to how tree growth and productivity and forest ecosystem functions will be affected by these two interacting pollutants (Barnes and Wellburn, 1998;Saxe et al, 1998). The few studies done for multiple years with trees planted in the ground have largely shown that O 3 offsets the growth enhancement of elevated atmospheric CO 2 both for hardwood trees (Broadmeadow and Jackson, 2000;Isebrands et al, 2001) and conifers (Broadmeadow and Jackson, 2000;Utriainen et al, 2000). The magnitude of the O 3 offset depends on the O 3 sensitivity of the species (Broadmeadow and Jackson, 2000;Karnosky et al, in press) and the concentrations of each pollutant, although research needs to be done with tree species to characterize dose responses.…”

Section: Pollutant Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on forest trees and forest ecosystems: knowledge gaps

Karnosky

2003

Environment International

108

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Atmospheric CO 2 is rising rapidly, and options for slowing the CO 2 rise are politically charged as they largely require reductions in industrial CO 2 emissions for most developed countries. As forests cover some 43% of the Earth's surface, account for some 70% of terrestrial net primary production (NPP), and are being bartered for carbon mitigation, it is critically important that we continue to reduce the uncertainties about the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on forest tree growth, productivity, and forest ecosystem function. In this paper, I review knowledge gaps and research needs on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on forest above-and below-ground growth and productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, water relations, wood quality, phenology, community dynamics and biodiversity, antioxidants and stress tolerance, interactions with air pollutants, heterotrophic interactions, and ecosystem functioning. Finally, I discuss research needs regarding modeling of the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on forests.Even though there has been a tremendous amount of research done with elevated CO 2 and forest trees, it remains difficult to predict future forest growth and productivity under elevated atmospheric CO 2 . Likewise, it is not easy to predict how forest ecosystem processes will respond to enriched CO 2 . The more we study the impacts of increasing CO 2 , the more we realize that tree and forest responses are yet largely uncertain due to differences in responsiveness by species, genotype, and functional group, and the complex interactions of elevated atmospheric CO 2 with soil fertility, drought, pests, and co-occurring atmospheric pollutants such as nitrogen deposition and O 3 . Furthermore, it is impossible to predict ecosystem-level responses based on short-term studies of young trees grown without interacting stresses and in small spaces without the element of competition. Long-term studies using free-air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) technologies or forest stands around natural CO 2 vents are needed to increase the knowledge base on forest ecosystem responses to elevated atmospheric CO 2 . In addition, new experimental protocols need to continue to be developed that will allow for mature trees to be examined in natural ecosystems. These studies should be closely linked to modeling efforts so that the inference capacity from these expensive and long-term studies can be maximized. D

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“…There are 53 species of poplar distributed in 22 provinces of China (not including crossbreed and imported species), covering a total area of over 10 million ha with a total standing stock of 426 million m 3 (Liang et al, 2006;Xu et al, 2009). Different species or clones of poplar have shown different sensitivity to O 3 with respect to visible leaf injury (Hoshika et al, 2012;Novak et al, 2005;Ryan et al, 2009;Strohm et al, 1998), damaged photosystems (Bernacchi et al, 2003;Guidi et al, 2001;Ranieri et al, 2001), and reduced growth (Isebrands et al, 2001;Matyssek et al, 1993;Mooi, 1980). However, the knowledge of O 3 doseeresponse relationships for poplar, which could be an effective tool for O 3 risk assessment, is still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration- and flux-based ozone dose–response relationships for five poplar clones grown in North China

Dearn

Gao

Yue

et al. 2015

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tConcentration-and flux-based O 3 doseeresponse relationships were developed for poplars in China. Stomatal conductance (g s ) of five poplar clones was measured to parameterize a Jarvis-type multiplicative g s model. The maximum g s and other model parameters varied between clones. The strongest relationship between stomatal O 3 flux and total biomass was obtained when phytotoxic ozone dose (POD) was integrated using an uptake rate threshold of 7 nmol m À2 s À1 . The R 2 value was similar between flux-based and concentration-based doseeresponse relationships. Ozone concentrations above 28 e36 nmol mol À1 contributed to reducing the biomass production of poplar. Critical levels of AOT 40 (accumulated O 3 exposure over 40 nmol mol À1 ) and POD 7 in relation to 5% reduction in total biomass for poplar were 12 mmol mol À1 h and 3.8 mmol m À2 , respectively.

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Growth responses of Populus tremuloides clones to interacting elevated carbon dioxide and tropospheric ozone

Cited by 137 publications

References 38 publications

Climate change and its effects on terrestrial insects and herbivory patterns

Climate change and its effects on terrestrial insects and herbivory patterns

Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on forest trees and forest ecosystems: knowledge gaps

Concentration- and flux-based ozone dose–response relationships for five poplar clones grown in North China

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