Growth Stage Influences Forage Yield and Quality of Winter Rye

Kantar, Michael B.; Porter, Paul M.; Krueger, Erik S.; Ochsner, Tyson

doi:10.1094/fg-2011-0126-01-rs

Cited by 13 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The year × treatment interaction was significant, with the greatest difference in rye DM yield between ER and LR treatments occurring 2009. The much greater rye DM yield with only 2 wk of additional growth in the LR treatment supports the work of Kantar et al (2011), who reported that winter rye DM yield rapidly increased from mid to late May in Minnesota.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Often producers are reluctant to plant winter rye because of costs associated with rye management, but when harvested, rye can provide high quality forage (Kantar et al, 2011) and possibly offset the cost of production. Rye is the preferred small grain in a double‐crop system because it reaches optimum growth stage earlier in the spring than other small grains (Maloney et al, 1999), allowing for earlier harvest and subsequent corn planting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, increased forage yield may increase plant nutrient uptake, thus allowing higher manure application rates on farms with excess manure. Rye harvest date and corn planting date are likely to be important variables affecting the productivity of a rye–corn double‐crop system (Kantar et al, 2011; Darby and Lauer, 2002), but these timing effects are not yet well quantified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rye–Corn Silage Double‐Cropping Reduces Corn Yield but Improves Environmental Impacts

Krueger

Ochsner

Baker³

et al. 2012

Agronomy Journal

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Recent proliferation of large dairies has prompted concern regarding environmental impacts of associated corn silage production and high-rate manure application. Our objectives were to compare environmental impacts and forage production of monocrop corn (Zea mays L.) silage and rye (Secale cereal L.)-corn silage double-crop systems with multiple corn planting dates and highrate manure application near Morris, MN. From 2007 to 2009, corn for silage was seeded into a silt loam as a monocrop in early and mid-May and as a double-crop aft er rye in mid-May and early June. Manure was fall applied annually at average total N and P rates of 393 and 109 kg ha −1 , respectively. Double-cropping reduced total forage dry matter (DM) yield 2 of 3 yr and reduced corn DM yield 15 to 25%. Soil NO 3 -N to 90 cm accumulated at an average rate of 71 kg N ha −1 yr −1 with monocropping, but accumulation was not observed with double-cropping. Soil organic C concentration from 0 to 5 cm increased in the monocrop (18%) and double-crop (26%) systems over 3 yr. Average soil solution NO 3 -N concentration was high with monocropping (52 mg L −1 ) and double-cropping (37 mg L −1 ), but estimated leaching load averaged only 8 kg ha −1 yr −1 . Fall and spring ground cover was oft en less than 10% with monocropping but was usually greater than 30% with double-cropping. Th e primary environmental concerns identifi ed for monocrop corn silage were soil NO 3 -N buildup and inadequate ground cover. Doublecropping addressed each concern but oft en decreased forage production.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Rye–Corn Silage Double‐Cropping Reduces Corn Yield but Improves Environmental Impacts

Krueger

Ochsner

Baker³

et al. 2012

Agronomy Journal

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“…Overall, the presence of Kura clover in mixtures increased CP and IVTD and reduced NDF concentration compared to monoculture cereals. Our findings are consistent with other research on winter cereals reporting declining forage CP, IVTD, and NDFD and increasing NDF with maturity (Andrzejewska et al 2014;Kantar et al 2011;.…”

Section: Forage Nutritive Valuesupporting

confidence: 93%

Intercropping winter cereals in Kura clover for spring forage production

et al. 2019

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Intercropping winter cereals into Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) has the potential to improve forage nutritive value without reducing yields. The objective of this research was to compare forage yield and nutritive value of cereal–legume mixtures to cereals or Kura clover grown in monoculture and harvested at two different maturity stages in spring. Winter rye (Secale cereale L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and winter triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) were sown in autumn at two locations as monocultures and into herbicide suppressed and non-suppressed Kura clover and harvested for forage the following spring. Harvested at the cereal crop boot stage at Arlington, forage yields averaged 4.7, 4.8, 5.3, and 1.7 Mg ha−1 and 3.5, 3.7, 4.1, and 2.6 Mg ha−1 at Lancaster for mixtures with non-suppressed Kura clover, suppressed Kura clover, monoculture cereals, and monoculture clover, respectively. At the milk stage, yields across all mixture treatments increased by 46% to 115% compared to the boot stage at Arlington and by 88% to 101% at Lancaster. Kura clover in mixtures increased crude protein by 34% to 46% and in vitro true digestibility by 3% to 6%, neutral detergent fiber digestibility by 0% to 6%, and reduced neutral detergent fiber concentration by 8% to 18% relative to cereal monocultures. The nutritive value of mixtures and monoculture Kura clover was always greater than that of monoculture cereals. Winter cereals can be successfully managed with Kura clover for forage production by maximizing nutritive value with boot stage harvests or achieving higher yields by harvesting at the milk stage.

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“…Perennial legume forages are susceptible to winter kill in cold weather locations, but the winter hardiness of rye helps ensure adequate spring forage (10). A companion paper to this study quantifies rye forage quality and yield at various growth stages, and offers management recommendations to optimize rye production (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Stage at Harvest of a Winter Rye Cover Crop Influences Soil Moisture and Nitrogen

et al. 2010

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Producers may offset the cost associated with winter rye (Secale cereale L.) cover cropping by harvesting the rye as forage, but care must be taken to avoid yield suppression of a primary crop induced by soil water and nitrogen depletion by the rye. The objective was to determine the effect of rye growth stage in the spring on the soil moisture and soil nitrogen under a fall‐sown cereal rye cover crop. Field studies were conducted in Morris and St. Paul, MN, from September 2007 through June 2008. Soil moisture and soil NO3‐N were monitored for eight rye harvest dates in the spring and summer of 2008. Soil moisture in late April and early May was similar for rye and fallow treatments. At boot stage, rye had depleted soil moisture by 10% and soil NO3‐N by 83% when averaged across locations. Rye reduced soil NO3‐N compared to the fallow at all growth stages. Harvest timing may be an important management tool to conserve soil moisture for the primary crop. Spring N fertilization is likely necessary when a non‐legume such as corn (Zea mays L.) follows rye.

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Growth Stage Influences Forage Yield and Quality of Winter Rye

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Rye–Corn Silage Double‐Cropping Reduces Corn Yield but Improves Environmental Impacts

Rye–Corn Silage Double‐Cropping Reduces Corn Yield but Improves Environmental Impacts

Intercropping winter cereals in Kura clover for spring forage production

Growth Stage at Harvest of a Winter Rye Cover Crop Influences Soil Moisture and Nitrogen

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