Growth temperature ranges of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains

Hubálek, Zdeněk; Halouzka, Jiří; Heroldová, Monika Dvořáková

doi:10.1099/00222615-47-10-929

Cited by 32 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The temperatureinducible expression of rpoS Bb in B. burgdorferi suggests that spirochetes may be experiencing some level of stress under this condition. This notion is supported by in vitro studies by Hubalek et al (46) demonstrating that 37°C approaches the upper limit of permissible growth temperatures (22 to 39°C) for B. burgdorferi sensu stricto isolates. We therefore examined whether loss of rpoS Bb rendered spirochetes more sensitive to increased temperatures.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

RpoS Is Not Central to the General Stress Response inBorrelia burgdorferibut Does Control Expression of One or More Essential Virulence Determinants

et al. 2004

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Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease spirochete, undergoes dramatic changes in antigenic composition as it cycles between its arthropod and mammalian hosts. A growing body of evidence suggests that these changes reflect, at least in part, the need for spirochetes to adapt to the physiological stresses imposed by abrupt changes in environmental conditions and nutrient availability. -PCR), we demonstrated that, in contrast to its ortholog (rpoS Ec ) in Escherichia coli, rpoS Bb was expressed at significant levels in B. burgdorferi throughout all phases of growth following temperature shift. By comparing a B. burgdorferi strain 297 rpoS Bb mutant to its wild-type counterpart, we determined that RpoS Bb was not required for survival following exposure to a wide range of environmental stresses (i.e., temperature shift, serum starvation, increased osmolality, reactive oxygen intermediates, and increased or reduced oxygen tension), although the mutant was more sensitive to extremes of pH. While B. burgdorferi strains lacking RpoS were able to survive within intraperitoneal dialysis membrane chambers at a level equivalent to that of the wild type, they were avirulent in mice. Lastly, RT-PCR analysis of the ospE-ospF-elp paralogous lipoprotein families complements earlier findings that many temperature-inducible borrelial loci are controlled in an RpoS Bbindependent manner. Together, these data point to fundamental differences between the role(s) of RpoS in B. burgdorferi and that in E. coli. Rather than functioning as a master regulator, RpoS Bb appears to serve as a stress-responsive activator of a subset of virulence determinants that, together with the RpoS-independent, differentially expressed regulon, encompass the spirochete's genetic programs required for mammalian host adaptation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

RpoS Is Not Central to the General Stress Response inBorrelia burgdorferibut Does Control Expression of One or More Essential Virulence Determinants

et al. 2004

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“…It is likely that the higher body temperature J Comp Physiol B (2012) 182:591-602 595 of birds selects for or inhibits the growth of certain microbial species. This notion is supported by the fact that Borrelia garinii, a Lyme's disease-causing agent hosted primarily by birds, is able to grow at higher temperatures compared to mammalian-hosted Borrelia species (Hubálek et al 1998). This is thought to be an adaptation of the microbe to its avian host (Comstedt et al 2011).…”

Section: Body Temperaturementioning

confidence: 95%

Diversity and function of the avian gut microbiota

2012

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The intestinal microbiota have now been shown to largely affect host health through various functional roles in terms of nutrition, immunity, and other physiological systems. However, the majority of these studies have been carried out in mammalian hosts, which differ in their physiological traits from other taxa. For example, birds possess several unique life history traits, such as hatching from eggs, which may alter the interactions with and transmission of intestinal microbes compared to most mammals. This review covers the diversity of microbial taxa hosted by birds. It also discusses how avian microbial communities strongly influence nutrition, immune function, and processing of toxins in avian hosts, in manners similar to and different from mammalian systems. Finally, areas demanding further research are identified, along with descriptions of existing techniques that could be employed to answer these questions.

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“…These difficult questions have not been satisfactorily answered, partly due to the methodological problems with Borrelia culturing, for example, because of the possibility of an overgrowth of one species over the other. Such an overgrowth might be a result of several factors, including a distinct support of culture media for different Borrelia species or strains, differences in the relative amounts of the species or strains present in the specimen at the very beginning (at the time when the specimen was obtained or inoculated into the medium), or intrinsic differences between the inoculated strains, such as different growth potentials and different times needed for adaptation to the new environment (10,20,36). Thus, during culturing one strain might overgrow the other(s), and at the final point this strain might be observed and interpreted as the sole pathogen strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison ofBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato Strains Isolated from Specimens Obtained Simultaneously from Two Different Sites of Infection in Individual Patients

et al. 2005

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The aim of the present study was to analyze and compare Borrelia strains isolated from two different specimens obtained simultaneously from individual patients with Lyme borreliosis. Fifty such patients and 50 corresponding pairs of Borrelia isolates (100 low-propagated strains) were subjected to genotypic and phenotypic analysis, including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for species identification and plasmid profile determination and protein profile electrophoresis for the assessment of the presence and molecular masses of separated proteins. The strains were isolated from two distinct skin lesions (12 patients), skin and blood (28 patients), skin and cerebrospinal fluid (8 patients), and blood and cerebrospinal fluid (2 patients). Out of 100 isolates, 63 were typed as B. afzelii and 37 as B. garinii. From each individual specimen only a single Borrelia species was cultured. Comparison of 50 Borrelia strain pairs isolated from two different specimens of an individual patient revealed that 12/50 (24%) patients were simultaneously infected with two different Borrelia strains; in 3/50 (6%) patients strains differed at the species level, in 4 out of the remaining 47 (9%) patients a strain difference in plasmid profile was established, while 5 out of the remaining 43 (11%) patient strain pairs differed in regard to the protein profiles of the two concurrently isolated strains. The results of the present study indicate that human patients with Lyme borreliosis may simultaneously harbor different B. burgdorferi sensu lato strains.

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Growth temperature ranges of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

RpoS Is Not Central to the General Stress Response inBorrelia burgdorferibut Does Control Expression of One or More Essential Virulence Determinants

RpoS Is Not Central to the General Stress Response inBorrelia burgdorferibut Does Control Expression of One or More Essential Virulence Determinants

Diversity and function of the avian gut microbiota

Comparison ofBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato Strains Isolated from Specimens Obtained Simultaneously from Two Different Sites of Infection in Individual Patients

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