Growth, Thermal and Laser Properties of Neodymium-doped Sodium Yttrium Double Tungstate Crystal

Abstract

The excitation processes of the low energy isomeric level in nucleus 229Th by optical photons are investigated for different values of relations between energies of nuclear transition and photons. The role of the atomic shell, which "works" as electron bridge, is considered. The cross-sections of the resonance nuclear excitation by laser beam (the narrow line) and by special lamp (the wide line) are calculated. The possibilities of experimental researches are discussed.

Raman Scattering and Nd$^{3+}$ Laser Operation in NaLa(WO$_{4}$)$_{2}$

“…of CW Ti:sapphire absorbed power, i.e., % [14], [15]; 2) up to 130 mW of laser output was obtained in NaGdW:2%Nd with diode pumping and up to 57% [20]; and 3) first laser experiments at NaLaMo:3.8%Nd crystal with diode pumping gave maximum output power about 100 mW with %, [8] however, already slight optimization of laser cavity raise up to 37% [46]. Direct comparison between these results is difficult due to the differences in experimental setups and antireflective coatings on the samples.…”

“…Nd is one of the obvious choices, since it can be pumped in the 800-810-nm region with AlGaAs diode lasers and several laser channels are possible using (890 nm), (1.06 m) and (1.3 m) emissions. Some previous information on spectroscopic properties and laser emission of Nd in tetragonal DT and DM is already available, NaT(WO ) , ( Bi [10]- [13]; Y [3], [14], [15]; La [16]- [18] and Gd [19], [20]), NaT(MoO ) ( Bi,[10]; Y, [21]; La, [17], [21]- [26], and Gd [21], [27]), LiLa(WO ) , [28] LiT(MoO ) ( La, [17], [29], and Gd [17], [30]), KLa(WO ) [31]- [33], KLa(MoO ) [34], and AgNd(WO ) [35]. For NaLa(WO ) laser operation at 1063 [16] and 1335 nm [16] has been demonstrated only in pulsed regime and the spectroscopic features reported are nonpolarized.…”

Thermal and polarized spectroscopic characteristics of Nd3+:LiLa(WO4)2 crystal

“…The alkali metal-rare earth-double tungstate and molybdate with the formula MRe(XO 4 ) 2 (M = Li, Na or K; Re = rare earth; X = W or Mo) has garnered a tremendous amount of attention due to the excellent chemical durability in air atmosphere, the high value of χ (3) nonlinear cubic susceptibility, the large rareearth ion admittance, and the large absorption and emission cross-sections of rare-earth ions in its lattice [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. To our interest, KRe(WO 4 ) 2 (Re = La, Y, Lu and Gd) crystals exhibit relatively low gain and the capability of high efficiency and great energy storage [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]; since these double tungstate crystals generally have a phase transition, they must be grown by the flux method [7][8][9][10].…”

“…To our interest, KRe(WO 4 ) 2 (Re = La, Y, Lu and Gd) crystals exhibit relatively low gain and the capability of high efficiency and great energy storage [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]; since these double tungstate crystals generally have a phase transition, they must be grown by the flux method [7][8][9][10]. NaRe(WO 4 ) 2 (Re = Y, La and Gd) crystals melt congruently and can be grown by Czochralski method; since they possess relatively high melting point and large anisotropic thermal expansion; it may be easily cracked during the crystal growth and crystal processing [11,12]. Double molybdate crystals tend to crack and form color center during the growth process; thus, it is difficulty to obtain large and high-quality single crystals [13][14][15][16].…”

Up‐conversion luminescence of ytterbium and thulium codoped potassium yttrium double tungstate crystal

“…This fact has some interesting effects on the optical properties of the materials, for example it is favorable for the absorption of laser diode laser. Recently, a few researches have been made to exploit the laser performance of Nd:NYW crystal [4,5,6] was reported, also up-conversion luminescence phenomena and energy transfer mechanism were discussed.…”