Growth, Water Content, and Solute Accumulation of Two Tobacco Cell Lines Cultured on Sodium Chloride, Dextran, and Polyethylene Glycol

Heyser, James W.; Nabors, Murray W.

doi:10.1104/pp.68.6.1454

Cited by 73 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Recently, the accumulation of solutes was studied in salttolerant cells of N. tabacum (13,14) and alfalfa (7). However, the osmotic adjustment observed in these cells was small (about 5 bar) and could be explained almost entirely (80-89%) by uptake of Na+ and Cl-alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike halophytes ( 19,20) or cultured cells adapted to NaCl (14) which accumulate large concentrations of Na+ and Cl-ions in order to adjust the cellular 4A, cell lines adapted to PEG-induced water stress would not be expected to do so simply because the amount of inorganic solutes available in the nutrient medium is not sufficient to allow high levels of adjustment. However, it appears that some significant accumulation ofions does occur in these cell lines (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solutes Contributing to Osmotic Adjustment in Cultured Plant Cells Adapted to Water Stress

Handa¹,

Bressan²,

Handa³

et al. 1983

Plant Physiol.

188

107

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Osmotic adjustment was studied in cultured cells of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cv VFNT-Cherry) adapted to different levels of external water potential ranging from -4 bar to -28 bar. The intracellular concentrations of reducing sugars, total free amino acids, proline, malate, citrate, quaternary ammonium compounds, K@, NO3-, Na', and Cl1 increased with decreasing external water potential. At any given level of adaptation, the maximum contribution to osmotic potential was from reducing sugars followed by potassium ions. The sucrose levels in the cells were 3-to 8-fold lower than reducing sugar levels and did not increase beyond those observed in cells adapted to -16 bar water potential. Concentrations of total free amino acids were 4-to 5-fold higher in adapted cells. Soluble protein levels declined in the adapted cell lines, but the total reduced nitrogen was not significantly different after adaptation. Uptake of nitrogen (as NH4' or NO3-) from the media was similar for adapted and unadapted cells. Although the level of quaternary ammonium compounds was higher in the nonadapted cells than that of free proline, free proline increased as much as 500-fold compared to only a 2-to 3-fold increase observed for quaternary ammonium compounds. Although osmotic adjustment after adaptation was substantial (up to -36 bar), fresh weight (volume increase) was restricted by as much as 50% in the adapted cells. Altered metabolite partitioning was evidenced by an increase in the soluble sugars and soluble nitrogen in adapted cells which occurred at the expense of incorporation of sugar into cell walls and nitrogen into protein. Data indicate that the relative importance of a given solute to osmotic adjustment may change depending on the level of adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solutes Contributing to Osmotic Adjustment in Cultured Plant Cells Adapted to Water Stress

Handa¹,

Bressan²,

Handa³

et al. 1983

Plant Physiol.

188

107

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“…Unfortunately, detailed studies of tolerance and adaptation in vitro have been carried out with only a few mesophytic species (5), e.g. tobacco (2,13,16,18), tomato (3,(10)(11)(12), and Citrus sp. (28).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, detailed studies of tolerance and adaptation in vitro have been carried out with only a few mesophytic species (5), e.g. tobacco (2,13,16,18) Quantification of Salt Tolerance. To test for salt tolerance callus pieces from both unselected and tolerant stock cultures, both initiated on the same date, were transferred to basal medium or basal medium supplemented with NaCl, Na2SO4, or mannitol.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Growth, Water Relations, and Proline Accumulation in Sodium Sulfate Tolerant Callus of Brassica napus L. cv Westar (Canola)

Chandler¹,

Thorpe²

1987

Plant Physiol.

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Unselected and sodium sulfate tolerant callus cultures of Brassica napus L. cv Westar were grown on media supplemented with mannitol, NaCl, or Na2SO4. In all cases, growth of tolerant callus, measured on a fresh weight or dry weight basis, was greater than that of unselected callus, which was also subject to necrosis on high levels of salt. Tissue water potential became more negative in both unselected and tolerant callus grown in the presence of mannitol or Na2SO4. Water potentials in unselected callus were more negative than those of the tolerant tissues; but over a range of Na2SO4 concentrations both cultures displayed osmotic adjustment, maintaining relatively constant turgor. Proline accumulation in both unselected and tolerant callus was low (15 to 20 micromoles per gram dry weight) in the absence of stress, but increased on media supplemented with mannitol, NaCI, or Na2SO4. Increases in proline concentration were approximately linear in tolerant callus, reaching a maximum of 130 to 175 micromoles per gram dry weight. In unselected callus, concentrations were higher, reaching 390 to 520 micromoles per gram dry weight. Proline accumulation was correlated with inhibition of growth, and there was a negative correlation between proline concentration and culture age for tolerant callus.There are now many reports which describe the selection of salt tolerant cell cultures (5,17,21). A practical objective of such studies is the subsequent regeneration of tolerant plants, and this has been achieved in some species (4,22,24). However, salt tolerant cell cultures are also ideal systems with which to assess the physiological effects of salt and/or water stress at the cellular level (21). Comparison to nontolerant cell cultures isolated from the same initial explants enables measurement of the capacity and range of cellular tolerance, and allows identification of mechanisms of tolerance which may be applied for more specific in vitro selection. Unfortunately, detailed studies of tolerance and adaptation in vitro have been carried out with only a few mesophytic species (5), e.g. tobacco (2,13,16,18) Quantification of Salt Tolerance. To test for salt tolerance callus pieces from both unselected and tolerant stock cultures, both initiated on the same date, were transferred to basal medium or basal medium supplemented with NaCl, Na2SO4, or mannitol. The concentration of supplements used were 55, 110, 165, 220, 275, 330, 385, and 440 mm mannitol; 27.5, 53, 79, 106, 133.5, and 159 mM NaCl, and 35, 53, 70, 105, 123, 141,

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“…Accumulation of soluble salts in the rhizosphere will reduce the water potential and consequently reduce the availability of water to plants. In addition, the uptake of these salts will, doubtless, affect the physiological processes of plants growing in these environments (Heyster and Nabors 1982). Therefore, the plant when exposed to high salinity, tends to change metabolic activity to produce certain organic compounds such as sucrose, to synthesise amino acids especially proline and accumulate inside the cells to reduce the internal water potential to counterbalance the soil water potential to maintain cell osmotic balance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salinity stress on mycorrhizal association and growth response of peanut infected by Glomus mosseae

Al-Khaliel¹

2010

Plant Soil Environ.

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Arbuscular mycorrhiza is a mutualistic association between fungi and higher plants, and play a critical role in nutrient cycling and stress tolerance. However, much less is known about the mycorrhiza-mediated enhancement in growth and salinity tolerance of the peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) growing in the arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, mycorrhizal status of Glomus mosseae in diverse salinity levels on original substrate soil conditions was investigated. Different growth parameters, accumulation of proline content and salt stress tolerance were studied. These investigations indicated that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could improve growth of peanuts under salinity through enhanced nutrient absorption and photosynthesis. Chlorophyll content and leaf water content were increased significantly under salinity stress by the inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi. Tolerance of the plants to salinity was increased and the mycorrhizal association was found highly effective in enhancing peanut growth and establishment in soils under salinity and deficient in phosphorus.

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Growth, Water Content, and Solute Accumulation of Two Tobacco Cell Lines Cultured on Sodium Chloride, Dextran, and Polyethylene Glycol

Cited by 73 publications

References 20 publications

Solutes Contributing to Osmotic Adjustment in Cultured Plant Cells Adapted to Water Stress

Solutes Contributing to Osmotic Adjustment in Cultured Plant Cells Adapted to Water Stress

Characterization of Growth, Water Relations, and Proline Accumulation in Sodium Sulfate Tolerant Callus of Brassica napus L. cv Westar (Canola)

Effect of salinity stress on mycorrhizal association and growth response of peanut infected by Glomus mosseae

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