GRPW-MuS-s: A Secure Enhanced Trust Aware Routing against Wormhole Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

GRPW-MuS (Geographic Routing to Multiple Sinks in connected wireless sensor networks based on Multiple Sinks) is one of the basic routing protocols used for Supporting Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks . GRPW-MuS, a geographical routing protocol for wireless sensor networks , is based on an architecture partitioned by logical levels, on the other hand based on a multipoint relaying flooding technique to reduce the number of topology broadcast. GRPW-MuS uses periodic HELLO packets to neighbor detection. As introduced in Reference [9,17], the wormhole attack can form a serious threat in wireless sensor networks, especially against many wireless sensor networks routing protocols and location-based wireless security systems. Here, a trust model to handle this attack in GRPW-MuS is provided called GRPW-MuS-s . Using OMNET++ simulation and the MiXiM framework, results show that GRPW-MuS-s protocol only has very small false positives for wormhole detection during the neighbor discovery process (less than GRPW-MuS). The average energy usage at each node for GRPW-MuS-s protocol during the neighbor discovery and route discovery is very low than GRPW-MuS, which is much lower than the available energy at each node. The cost analysis shows that GRPW-MuS-s protocol only needs small memory usage at each node , which is suitable for the sensor network.

Survey of wormhole attack in wireless sensor networks

“…In routing ,various multipath routing technique is used for best redundancy path with high energy efficiency efficiency [9]. Watchdog technique is a detection technique, where each node can observers their neighboring nodes within the radio range [10].…”

“…Based on these limitations, they are arranged in noisy environment, it is highly affected and sensitive to several types of attacks [5]. Basically, sensor nodes are category by four sub-systems [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]14]. Processor and memory, transceiver, sensor and battery.…”

Survey of wormhole attack in wireless sensor networks

“…A wormhole attacks can be freely carried out across routing in the sensor networks. Routing protocols has no mechanism to prevent against it [11]. In other words, when the wormhole attacks occurs, it dropping all the packets and cause network interruption.…”

Service redundancy and cluster‐based routing protocols for wireless sensor and mobile ad hoc networks: A survey

“…A cross‐layer solution SCA is proposed in Sousa and Kumar 78 that merges a truncated ARQ in the link layer and collaborative diversity at the physical layer 79 . However, attacks like misdirection, black hole, wormhole, and replay could break the current route or prevent a new route 72 …”