GSM radiation triggers seizures and increases cerebral c-Fos positivity in rats pretreated with subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin

An Experimental Set-Up for Measurement of the Power Absorbed From 900 MHZ GSM Standing Waves by Small Animals, Illustrated by Application to Picrotoxin-Treated Rats

“…The histological findings in the present study are virtually identical to those obtained previously [13], except that in the present study c-Fos-positive cell counts were higher in irradiated untreated rats (group CR) than in non-irradiated untreated rats (group CNR), the difference being statistically significant in the piriform cortex. The effect of radiation on c-Fos-positive cell counts in picrotoxin-treated rats is coherent with convulsions having been suffered by the irradiated rats (group PR) but not by the non-irradiated rats (group PNR); both findings suggest that 2 hours' exposure to 1 W GSM radiation markedly increased uncontrolled neuronal activity in the GABAergic and/or glutamatergic systems involving the frontal motor and piriform cortex [13,22] following sensitization of these systems by subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin [14].…”

“…The effect of radiation on c-Fos-positive cell counts in picrotoxin-treated rats is coherent with convulsions having been suffered by the irradiated rats (group PR) but not by the non-irradiated rats (group PNR); both findings suggest that 2 hours' exposure to 1 W GSM radiation markedly increased uncontrolled neuronal activity in the GABAergic and/or glutamatergic systems involving the frontal motor and piriform cortex [13,22] following sensitization of these systems by subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin [14]. Despite of the fact that the experiments were Table 1.…”

“…Group PR animals were destined for injection of picrotoxin followed by 2 hours' exposure in the radiation chamber to 900 MHz GSM-type radiation, i.e., radiation pulsed with a TDM period of 4615 µs and a slot width of 577 µs; group PNR for injection of picrotoxin followed by 2 hours' immobilization in the radiation chamber without radiation; group CR for 2 hours' exposure to radiation without prior injection of picrotoxin; and group CNR for 2 hours' immobilization in the chamber without radiation or prior injection of picrotoxin. Picrotoxin, when used, was injected intraperitoneally at the subconvulsive dosage of 2 mg Kg −1 [13,14]. In all groups, the animals were used one at a time, and the receiving antenna and video camera were present in the chamber in all experiments.…”

“…In previous work [13], we have in fact shown that radiation of the type used by the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) triggers seizures in rats in which a seizure-prone state analogous to epilepsy had been induced by subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin [14].…”

EXPOSURE TO 2.45 GHz MICROWAVE RADIATION PROVOKES CEREBRAL CHANGES IN INDUCTION OF HSP-90 α/β HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN IN RAT.

“…In recent in vivo studies at other frequencies than those here, an important degree of neuronal cortical and subcortical activation c-fos has been observed [47,55,56]; changes in expression of different genes, including a decrease in the expression of HSP-90, have been observed in vitro studies involving acute exposure to 2.45 GHz radiation [6], with important changes, at non-thermal SARs. Furthermore, there is a relationship between exposure to electromagnetic fields that may induce inactivation of this protein and activation of proteases that trigger apoptosis [9], with a demonstrated decrease in the cytoprotective mechanisms [37].…”