GsRSS3L, a Candidate Gene Underlying Soybean Resistance to Seedcoat Mottling Derived from Wild Soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc)

Abstract

Soybeans are a major crop that produce the best vegetable oil and protein for use in food and beverage products worldwide. However, one of the most well-known viral infections affecting soybeans is the Soybean Mosaic Virus (SMV), a member of the Potyviridae family. A crucial method for preventing SMV damage is the breeding of resistant soybean cultivars. Adult resistance and resistance of seedcoat mottling are two types of resistance to SMV. Most studies have focused on adult-plant resistance but not on the resistance to seedcoat mottling. In this study, chromosome segment-substituted lines derived from a cross between Suinong14 (cultivated soybean) and ZYD00006 (wild soybean) were used to identify the chromosome region and candidate genes underlying soybean resistance to seed coat mottling. Herein, two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were found on chromosome 17, and eighteen genes were found in the QTL region. RNA-seq was used to evaluate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the eighteen genes located in the QTLs. According to the obtained data, variations were observed in the expression of five genes following SMV infection. Furthermore, Nicotiana benthamiana was subjected to an Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression assay to investigate the role of the five candidate genes in SMV resistance. It has also been revealed that Glyma.17g238900 encoding a RICE SALT SENSITIVE 3-like protein (RSS3L) can inhibit the multiplication of SMV in N.benthamiana. Moreover, two nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found in the coding sequence of Glyma.17g238900 derived from the wild soybean ZYD00006 (GsRSS3L), and the two amino acid mutants may be associated with SMV resistance. Hence, it has been suggested that GsRSS3L confers seedcoat mottling resistance, shedding light on the mechanism of soybean resistance to SMV.

Overexpression of a Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase-Coding Gene, GsCAD1, from Wild Soybean Enhances Resistance to Soybean Mosaic Virus

“…CAD is an important enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis, which is known to play an important role in plant resistance to different pathogens [ 33 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 44 ]. In order to test whether GsCAD1 may confer resistant to SMV, we obtained transgenic plants with an independent and stable inheritance of GsCAD1 by using the soybean cotyledon node transformation method, and analyzed the expression level of GsCAD1 in transgenic plants.…”

“…China is the center of origin of the cultivated soybean and owns 90% of the world’s wild soybean resources. As the direct progenitor of the cultivated soybean, the annual wild soybean ( G. soja ) has a higher level of genetic diversity, and contains abundant but as yet barely tapped resistance gene resources including those resistant to SMV [ 41 , 44 , 50 ]. Many wild soybean accessions have been identified as resistant to SMV.…”

“…In soybeans, GsBET11a, the C-terminal transmembrane domain of TMD, can interact with GsCBRLK to mediate the subcellular localization of GsCRCK1s to regulate salt stress response [ 43 ]. GsRSS3L, encoding a RICE SALT SENSITIVE 3-like protein from wild soybean ZYD00006 (resistance to seed coat mottling), can inhibit the multiplication of SMV in Nicotiana benthamiana [ 44 ].…”

Understandings and future challenges in soybean functional genomics and molecular breeding

“…Wild soybean contains abundant genetic diversity. Several resistance genes have been cloned from wild soybean, which confer, for example, salt tolerance and insect and virus resistance (Qi et al, 2014; Zhou et al, 2015; Du et al, 2019; Feng et al, 2020; Song et al, 2022). Therefore, utilizing wild accessions to mine resistance genes and re‐introducing these genes into domesticated soybeans has the most potential for sustainable soybean production.…”

Over-expression of a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase-coding gene, GsCAD1, from wild soybean enhances resistance to soybean mosaic virus

“…In A. thaliana and soybean GsBET11a, the C-terminal transmembrane domainof TMD can interact with GsCBRLK to mediate the subcellular localization of GsCRCK1s to regulate salt stress response (Sun et al 2021). GsRSS3L encoding a RICE SALT SENSITIVE 3-like protein, from wild soybean ZYD00006 (resistance to seed coat mottling), can inhibit the multiplication of SMV in Nicotiana benthamiana (Song et al 2022).…”