Guanaco (Lama guanicoe) mortality by entanglement in wire fences

Rey, Andrés; Novaro, Andrés J.; Guichón, M. Laura

doi:10.1016/j.jnc.2012.05.004

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In contrast, movements of radio-collared guanacos were found to be limited by fences, which added up 175 km within a 400 km 2 area comprised by private properties in NW Patagonia (Rey, Novaro & Guichón, 2012;Carmanchahi et al, 2015). Additionally, entanglement was reported to account for up to 6.7% of total annual mortality estimated for the same population, affecting mainly juveniles (Rey, Novaro & Guichón, 2012). Whether or not fences affect the ability of guanacos to move around NOSHEEP areas in Península Valdés, hence imposing further restrictions to habitat selection, is a matter requiring further investigation.…”

Section: What's Left To Choose?mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The occurrence of guanaco seasonal migration has been associated to the absence of fences and other anthropogenic barriers in the Payunia Reserve in NW Patagonia (Schroeder et al, 2014). In contrast, movements of radio-collared guanacos were found to be limited by fences, which added up 175 km within a 400 km 2 area comprised by private properties in NW Patagonia (Rey, Novaro & Guichón, 2012;Carmanchahi et al, 2015). Additionally, entanglement was reported to account for up to 6.7% of total annual mortality estimated for the same population, affecting mainly juveniles (Rey, Novaro & Guichón, 2012).…”

Section: What's Left To Choose?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Choosing what is left: the spatial structure of a wild herbivore population within a livestock-dominated landscape

Antun

Baldi

2020

PeerJ

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Shrublands and grasslands comprise over 30% of the land surface and are among the most exploited ecosystems for livestock production. Across natural landscapes, the distribution and abundance of wild herbivores are affected by interspecific competition for foraging resources, hunting and the development of infrastructure among other factors. In Argentine Patagonia, the abundance of domestic sheep grazing on native vegetation outnumbers the widely distributed guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and sheep ranching monopolizes the most productive lands. In this work, we aimed to assess the spatial variation in the abundance of guanacos in Península Valdés, a representative landscape of Patagonia, investigating the incidence of natural and human-related factors. We conducted ground surveys during the austral autumn in 2017 totaling 383.4 km along areas with and without sheep ranching. We built density surface models to account for the variation in guanaco abundance and obtained a map of guanaco density at a resolution of 4 km2. We estimated an overall density of 11.71 guanacos.km−2 for a prediction area of 3,196 km2, although the density of guanacos tripled in areas where sheep ranching was terminated (in around 20% of the surface of Península Valdés) compared to areas with sheep. Guanacos were more abundant at lower values of primary productivity and sheep stocking rates and further from inhabited ranch buildings, suggesting competition with sheep and conflict with humans. Although guanacos selected open, grass-dominated habitats across sheep-free sites, fences dividing properties and paddocks played a significant role in the spatial structure of their population in Península Valdés affecting negatively the abundance of guanacos. Our results indicate that actions to improve habitat connectivity for guanacos, favor the coexistence among guanacos and sheep ranching, and promote responsible human activities and attitudes towards wildlife are needed.

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Section: What's Left To Choose?mentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: What's Left To Choose?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Choosing what is left: the spatial structure of a wild herbivore population within a livestock-dominated landscape

Antun

Baldi

2020

PeerJ

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“…The following conflict mitigation strategies warrant/deserve particular attention: Fencing with barbed wire: it could represent a serious issue for giant tortoises. Not only because barbed wire fences can represent a pitfall for tortoises as it is for other animals attempting to cross them [ 95 , 96 ] but also because it is very likely that an effective ever-widening network of fences following a future (and very likely) land subdivision can have a detrimental effect on wildlife migratory species [e.g. 97 ] by reducing their foraging range and movement patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent conservation conflicts in the Galapagos Islands: Human-giant tortoise interactions in the rural area of Santa Cruz Island

et al. 2018

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The conservation of biodiverse areas around the world has contributed to the protection and recovery of endangered species. This has been the case for 11 species of Galapagos giant tortoises (Chelonoidis spp.) that today are successfully maintained over six islands: Española, Santiago, Pinzon, Isabela, San Cristobal and Santa Cruz. A favourable state of conservation will depend however on future development in the islands. In Santa Cruz Island the development of the agricultural areas has encroached on the migratory routes of the southwestern species C. porteri and may be an emergent conflict for tortoise conservation. We investigated the social and ecological inter-linkages using two methods framed under a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) approach: semi-structured interviews and questionnaires to study farmers’ perceptions and attitudinal factors regarding giant tortoises; as well as the associated socio-economic impacts of the conflict. Moreover, we coupled the PRA approach with an ecological assessment of giant tortoises’ population density by performing transect counts during the two yearly phases of giant tortoises’ migration to the lowlands (January to June) and back to the highlands (July to December). Our results indicate that farmers reporting damage and cultivating crops have higher odds of taking actions (fencing and physical actions) towards giant tortoises; regardless of having (or not) a negative perception towards the species. The economic losses for crops and fences averaged 2.8 USD/m2 and 13USD/m, respectively, and provide an initial step to further analyse and characterise the direct and indirect damage costs. Finally, we estimated a density of 76 and 185 individuals of giant tortoises per km2 in the rural area for the lowland and highland migratory phases, respectively. Our approach provides grounded scientific social and ecological information to effectively inform and aid managers, policy and decision makers in the selection of adequate social and ecological criteria to implement the best available options in the resolution of this emergent conservation conflict.

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“…At Cabeza de Vaca the annual survival rate estimated from telemetry of 17 shorn adult guanacos was 0.70 ± SE 0.11, whereas survival estimated from 1,334 capture-recapture histories was 0.82 ± SE 0.01. Lower survival at Cabeza de Vaca ranch than in La Payunia Reserve may be attributable to various factors, including restriction of guanaco movements by fences, competition with sheep (Rey et al, 2012a) and differences in handling protocols.…”

Section: Effects On Survival and Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of live-shearing on population parameters and movement in sedentary and migratory populations of guanacosLama guanicoe

Carmanchahi

Schroeder

Bolgeri

et al. 2014

Oryx

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Live-shearing of wild guanacos Lama guanicoe may affect their reproductive success and population resilience, and therefore it is important to assess the biological sustainability of obtaining their wool. We evaluated effects of capture and shearing on survival and reproduction, population parameters, daily movements, ranging behaviour and spatial distribution in sedentary and migratory populations. We assessed population variables by radio-telemetry and line-transect surveys before and after capture. We estimated high post-shearing survival rates in both populations and similar yearling production in shorn and non-shorn females in the migratory population. We did not find significant variations in density and population structure before and after shearing in the sedentary population, whereas in the migratory population density decreased and the population structure changed significantly after assembly of the capture structure, returning to pre-assembly levels 1 month later. The mean daily distance moved by radio-collared guanacos during the first 2 days after shearing was three times longer than during the following 30 days. There was a 25% decrease in the mean home-range size of shorn guanacos between the first and second month after shearing but this decline appeared to be associated with a seasonal change in movement, because a similar reduction occurred during the same period the following year, when the guanacos were not shorn. Live-shearing modified the spatial distribution pattern in the sedentary population but did not have a significant effect on the migratory population. Management of guanacos may contribute towards developing a biologically sustainable economic activity that promotes conservation of wildlife and habitats.

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Guanaco (Lama guanicoe) mortality by entanglement in wire fences

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Choosing what is left: the spatial structure of a wild herbivore population within a livestock-dominated landscape

Choosing what is left: the spatial structure of a wild herbivore population within a livestock-dominated landscape

Emergent conservation conflicts in the Galapagos Islands: Human-giant tortoise interactions in the rural area of Santa Cruz Island

Effects of live-shearing on population parameters and movement in sedentary and migratory populations of guanacosLama guanicoe

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