Guarapiranga Reservoir—Pharmaceuticals and Historical Urban Occupation in a Water Source

Abstract

The pharmaceutical compounds were analyzed in 14 sampling sites and pointed out the pollution sources related to raw sewage input and urban drainage discharge. Five medicine compounds, one illicit drug, and its metabolite were the higher measured content using analytical improvements tailored to identify and quantify organic compounds in low water content. The use of SPE cartridges followed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) points out the Guavirutuba tributary as the primary water pollution source with higher concentrations in 2011 for pharmaceuticals, cocaine, and benzoylecgonine (metabolite) in the range of 6.7 ± 0.9 ng L −1 to 27.386 ± 142 ng L −1. The Jaceguay stream also located in Guarapiranga was the most preserved area and provided analytical values correspondent which lowered contamination content. Such concentrations mean a possible and feasible water restoration target. The most common compounds (above 90% samples) were: caffeine, atenolol, carbamazepine, cocaine, and benzoylecgonine. The integrated risk index for aquatic chemical pollution (IRICAP) confirms the higher contamination near Guavirutuba stream and the lower near the Jaceguay stream. Published results of cocaine and benzoylecgonine content in Guarapiranga basin corroborated with the analytical results.

Yeast-TiO<sub>2</sub> Biotemplate for Oxytetracycline Solar Photodecomposition

“…The decarbonylation of the first enolicacetylacetone moiety in ring A due to the bond energy of the C12 to C1 is less strong. Finally, there is the dehydration process refers to the H 2 O Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering an elimination of ring C. The decomposition product was similar to those found in enolic acetone thermal decomposition [15] [16] [17].…”

“…The process is still very little explored in Brazil, despite such favorable solar insulation conditions during all seasons. Figure 1 shows the solar radiation map of Brazil in the horizontal plane [17] [18]. The spatial resolution of the data used to generate the map was 1 km × 1 km.…”

EPs Antibiotics: Photodecomposition and Biocarbon Adsorption

“…The properties such as absorption behaviors of pharmaceuticals, for example, can vary vastly in different soil types on ionized and nonionized form, affecting the interaction of soil. Little information is available about the EPs dynamics in the water column, sediments, and the accumulation in the aquatic food chain and the loads from the agro-environment through diffuse pollution or from urban and industrial areas [3,4].…”

“…Nowadays, the relationship of the polyparameters linear-free energy is used to calculate the partition coefficients of biological and nonbiological matrices including lipids and different proteins [4,5]. The model helps to describe the diffusion and partitioning processes and estimate when an environmental compartment acts as an EPs source or a sink for a single contaminant or a multi-compartment system.…”

Um estudo sobre microcistina-LR em mananciais de abastecimento do estado de São Paulo: ocorrência, análise de risco e remoção em ensaios laboratoriais de biofiltração

“…contaminantes, como ferro e manganês. O mesmo cenário está presente em Guarapiranga, que sofre constantes impactos da intensa urbanização em seus mananciais e descartes de efluentes(FONTANA et al, 2014;BICUDO e BICUDO, 2017;SHIHOMATSU et al, 2017).A limitada eficiência dos processos de tratamento de ciclo completo na remoção da fração dissolvida de MIC-LR(DRIKAS et al, 2001; PREEZ, 2013; MKHONTO et al, 2020) levanta uma série de questões acerca de alternativas para a remoção deste contaminante da água. Quando em sua forma intracelular, a MIC-LR pode ser removida pelos processos físicos de tratamento(MUNOZ et al, 2021;NEWCOMBE;CAPELO NETO, 2021).…”