Guardian genes ensuring subsistence of oral <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>

Shanmugam, Karthi; Sarveswari, Hema Bhagavathi; Udayashankar, Akshaya; Swamy, Shogan Sugumar; Pudipeddi, Akhila; Shanmugam, T.; Solomon, Adline Princy; Neelakantan, Prasanna

doi:10.1080/1040841x.2020.1796579

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…In the present study, the synthesized GA-AgNPs inhibited the virulence of gyra Agene. From the evaluation of GA- AgNPs molecular inhibition of S. mutans showed that the different sets of genes, gtfB, gtfC, gtfD and gbpB responsible for biofilm formation, brpA, smu 360 and comDE responsible for protective extracellular matrix over S. mutans and spaP and gyrA genes for the survival of S. mutans in odd oral cavity ambiance are all inhibited [ 40 ]. The virulence gene expression study further strengthens the inhibitory action over the oral pathogen S. mutans causing dental caries and other diseases like endocarditis by GA-AgNPs by well diffusion assay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using gum Arabic: Evaluation of its inhibitory action on Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and endocarditis

Al-Ansari

Al-Dahmash

Ranjitsingh³

2021

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Background Streptococcus mutans are an oral pathogen that causes dental caries, endocarditis, and systemic dysfunctions, an alternative antibacterial solution from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are investigated. Methods AgNPs were synthesized using the ethnobotanical product gum Arabic. It influenced the nanoparticles with medicinal value through their role as capping, stabilizing, or surface-attached components. The biophysical characteristics of the synthesized AgNPs were studied using UV–vis spectrum, XRD, EDAX, SEM, and TEM tools. The AgNPs were spherical with the average size less than 10 nm. By using the well diffusion and microdilution techniques, the impact of synthesized AgNPs was tested against S. mutans isolates. Results The smaller the size, the greater the antibacterial and antiviral potential the particles exhibit. The biophysical characteristics of AgNPs the presence of phenols, alcohols, amides, sulfoxide, flavanoids, terpenoids and steroids. The AgNPs exhibited a good antibacterial action against the oral pathogen S. mutans. The synthesized NPs at a dose level of 200 μg/mL exhibited an inhibition zone with 18.30 ± 0.5 nm diameter. The synthesised nanoparticles inhibited the genes responsible for biofilm formation of S. mutans over host tooth and gums (gtfB, gtfc, gtfD) and virulent protective factors (comDE, brpA and smu 360) and survival promoter genes (gyrA and spaP, gbpB). Conclusion The potent antibiotic action over S. mutans seen with the synthesized NPs, paves the way for the development of novel dental care products. Also, the small-sized NPs promote its applicability in COVID-19 pandemic containment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using gum Arabic: Evaluation of its inhibitory action on Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and endocarditis

Al-Ansari

Al-Dahmash

Ranjitsingh³

2021

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…Two-component system (TCS), consisting of a sensory histidine kinase and a response regulator, is one kind of such systems involved in sensing environmental cues and regulating adaptive responses (Tiwari et al 2020 ; Xia et al 2020 ). In S. mutans , there is abundant evidence showing that the virulence factors production is co-regulated by diverse TCSs, and 15 TCSs have been found in the genome of S. mutans (Shanmugam et al 2020 ). For example, a quorum-sensing dependent TCS ComD/ComE is involved in the biofilm formation by mediating the release of chromosomal DNA into the extracellular matrix, while a ComD/ComE deficient strain produces biofilm with substantially reduced biomass (Li et al 2002 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a quorum-sensing dependent TCS ComD/ComE is involved in the biofilm formation by mediating the release of chromosomal DNA into the extracellular matrix, while a ComD/ComE deficient strain produces biofilm with substantially reduced biomass (Li et al 2002 ). Another TCS ScnK/ScnR is shown to be implicated in the formation of a sponge-like biofilm architecture and play an important role in defending against oxidative stress (Chen et al 2008 ; Shanmugam et al 2020 ). In addition, TCSs like VicK/VicR, CiaH/CiaR, and LiaS/LiaR are reveled to contribute to the acid tolerance, oxidative stress response, and competence of S. mutans (Liu and Burne 2009 ; Gong et al 2009 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polysaccharide, extracellular DNA (eDNA), and adhesin proteins are the main components of S. mutans biofilm (Shanmugam et al 2020 ). It is known that the gtf clusters ( gtfB , gtfC , and gtfD ) and gbp clusters ( gbpA , gbpB , gbpC , and gbpD ) coding for the glucosyltransferases responsible for glucan production and the glucan-binding proteins, respectively, are indispensable for the biofilm formation of S. mutans (Mishra et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, TFs repressed the expression of gens involved in DNA repair, including fpg , mutY , and recA. DNA repair systems are critical for S. mutans to combat with oxidative stress by maintaining the genome stability (Shanmugam et al 2020 ). The genes fpg (formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase) and mutY (A/G-specific DNA glycosylase) belonging to the base excision repair system are responsible for repairing the oxidized bases (Gonzalez et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanistic insights into the inhibitory effect of theaflavins on virulence factors production in Streptococcus mutans

Kong

Xia

et al. 2021

AMB Expr

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Streptococcus mutans is the primary etiological agent associated with cariogenic process. The present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial and anti-virulence activities of theaflavins (TFs) to Streptococcus mutans UA159 as well as the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that TFs were capable of suppressing the acid production, cell adherence, water-insoluble exopolysaccharides production, and biofilm formation by S. mutans UA159 with a dosage-dependent manner while without influencing the cell growth. By a genome-wide transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq), we found that TFs attenuated the biofilm formation of S. mutans UA159 by inhibiting glucosyltransferases activity and the production of glucan-binding proteins (GbpB and GbpC) instead of directly blocking the expression of genes coding for glucosyltransferases. Further, TFs inhibited the expression of genes implicated in peptidoglycan synthesis, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, two-component system, signaling peptide transport (comA), oxidative stress response, and DNA replication and repair, suggesting that TFs suppressed the virulence factors of S. mutans UA159 by affecting the signal transduction and cell envelope stability, and weakening the ability of cells on oxidative stress resistance. In addition, an upregulated expression of the genes involved in protein biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, and transport system upon TFs treatment indicated that cells increase the protein synthesis and nutrients uptake as one self-protective mechanism to cope with stress caused by TFs. The results of this study increase our current understanding of the anti-virulence activity of TFs on S. mutans and provide clues for the use of TFs in the prevention of dental caries.

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Metal‐Phenolic Network with Pd Nanoparticle Nodes Synergizes Oxidase‐Like and Photothermal Properties to Eradicate Oral Polymicrobial Biofilm‐Associated Infections

Chen,

Peng,

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Designing an effective treatment strategy to combat oral diseases caused by complex polymicrobial biofilms remains a great challenge. Herein, we construct a series of metal‐phenolic network with Pd nanoparticle nodes (MPN‐Pd) using polyphenols as stabilizers and reducing agents. Among them, sulfonated lignin‐Pd (SLS‐Pd) with ultrafine size palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) and broadband near infrared absorption exhibited excellent oxidase‐like activity and stable photothermal effect. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the superoxide radical generated by SLS‐Pd oxidase‐like activity exhibits selective antibacterial effects, while its photothermal effect induced hyperthermia exhibits potent antifungal properties. This difference is further elucidated by RNA‐sequencing analysis and all‐atom simulation. Moreover, the SLS‐Pd‐mediated synergistic antimicrobial system exhibits remarkable efficacy in combating various biofilms and polymicrobial biofilms. By establishing a root canal model and an oropharyngeal candidiasis model, the feasibility of the synergistic antimicrobial system in treating oral biofilm‐related infections is further validated. This system provides a promising therapeutic approach for polymicrobial biofilm‐associated infections in the oral cavity.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Guardian genes ensuring subsistence of oral Streptococcus mutans

Cited by 20 publications

References 148 publications

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using gum Arabic: Evaluation of its inhibitory action on Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and endocarditis

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using gum Arabic: Evaluation of its inhibitory action on Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and endocarditis

Mechanistic insights into the inhibitory effect of theaflavins on virulence factors production in Streptococcus mutans

Metal‐Phenolic Network with Pd Nanoparticle Nodes Synergizes Oxidase‐Like and Photothermal Properties to Eradicate Oral Polymicrobial Biofilm‐Associated Infections

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