Guerbet Reaction of Primary Alcohols Leading to β‐Alkylated Dimer Alcohols Catalyzed by Iridium Complexes.

Abstract

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A personal view on homogeneous catalysis and its perspectives for the use of renewables

“…Advantageously, such processes do not require high-pressure chemistry. Moreover, the same principle of dehydrogenation-functionalization-hydrogenation sequence was recently used in alkane metathesis [78,79], b-alkylation of alcohols [80,81] and C-C bond formation via Knoevenagel reactions [82]. Application of this chemistry with carbohydrates might generate interesting novel tensides or polyols.…”

Toward low-cost biological and hybrid biological/catalytic conversion of cellulosic biomass to fuels

“…Although ethanol has been the primary alcohol of interest, the Guerbet reaction also works well for coupling longer chain primary alcohols. 325 Esters and ethers are another class of alcohol-derived products that can be added to gasoline and diesel fuel to improve combustion performance. Ethyl acetate is an exemplary ester that can be produced industrially from ethanol dehydrogenation over copper chromite catalysts (Scheme 4).…”

Synthetic Base Stock Based on Guerbet Alcohols

“…In addition, various combinations of catalysts like mixtures of potassium hydroxide and boric anhydride [19], Tripotassium phosphate with Ni or copper chromite [20] have been used. The iridium catalysts [IrCl (cod)] 2 or [Cp 9 IrCl 2 ] 2 , have been shown to efficiently catalyze the Guerbet reaction [21]. The Guerbet reaction was also carried out at 200-250°C under atmospheric pressure using a wide variety of aldehydes and ketones as the carbonyl promoter [22].…”