Curriculum reform in education is dependent on the recognition of changes in the world around us as well as advances made in theory and praxis. Such reform needs to be founded on inclusive and well-designed plans as well as on efforts of policy makers and stakeholders to successfully implement these reforms. The purpose of this paper is to present the reforms initiated by the newly legislated Language Arts curriculum for the Greek Elementary School. The new language arts curriculum represents a move from a higher-end closed curriculum to a lower-end open curriculum. It introduces important changes in the Greek elementary school practice including the formal adoption of specifically defined crossthematic and communicative text-oriented approaches, as well as collaborative and critical teaching/learning within a multicultural society. We contrast these changes with the previous national curriculum in terms of teaching practices and philosophy. The changes noted in the new curriculum with respect to language teaching are linked with contemporary language learning and teaching theory. The reforms outlined, while not necessarily new, are however highly innovative from the vantage point of the Greek educational reality. Furthermore, in this paper we outline the framework and specifications used to develop the new textbooks and teaching materials.