“…Scholars have been remarking many MOK subfields (e.g. finance (Kappen et al , 2019), corporate social responsibility (Aracil, 2019; Koleva, 2020), consumer behavior (Al-kwifi, Farha and Ahmed, 2019), human resource management (Mellahi and Budhwar, 2010), business ethics (Rice, 1999), work ethics (Ali, 1988; Abbasi et al , 2011), stakeholder theory (Beekun and Badawi, 2005) and entrepreneurship (Gümüsay, 2015)) emphasizing the moral implications of Islam. Islam criticizes businesses for having merely a material focus (Branine and Pollard, 2010), and businesses are considered as useful institutions for contributing to society (Helfaya et al , 2018).…”