Guest Editorial

Abstract

Geographies of migration, geographies of justice? Feminism, intersectionality, and rights Migration and social (in)justice are intrinsically linked. Migration is often spurred by social injustices due to lack of opportunities or multiple insecurities, exacerbated by racism and ethnoreligious or gender-based discrimination. By moving to new locations, migrants are often treated as`different' on the basis of their ethnic background, religion, or country of origin and subjected to inferior treatment on the basis of being noncitizens. Gender-based discrimination adds a further, and for women often the most crucial, layer to these complex processes as migrant women leave and enter gendered societies and gender-segregated labour markets and are subjected to gendered migration policies (Piper, 2008a). In this sense, social justice is essentially a transnational (and, thus, spatial) phenomenon affecting migrants at all stages of their migration experience (Weiss, 2005).But migration also has the potential to bring about greater social justice. As migrants undertake short or long journeys to new places, they learn new ways of life, they develop a new perspective on their societies`back home', and they adopt alternative ways of formal political organising and informal coping strategies. Through their actions and activism, whether directly or indirectly, they explore and realise their potential for bringing about greater social justice individually and collectively at both ends of the migration process, effectively creating new relationships across transnational space.The papers in this theme issue address geographies of justice and migration through case studies with migrants from various geographical regions öprimarily South America, Africa, and Asiaöand at different scales. Some address multidirectional migration dynamics while others focus more specifically on a particular sector or smaller level of analysis, such as the household. All are interdisciplinary in spirit and in practice, and are influenced by feminist ethics (hooks, 1999; Kemp and Squires, 1997) and the multiple or varying types of injustices experienced by many women, including migrant women, across the world. How unequal gender relations and genderbased discrimination manifest themselves on a daily basis, however, differs across space (Silvey, 2006). Gendered migrationCross-border migration has been subject to significant changes over the past decades and the feminisation of migration öthat is, the increase in the number and proportion of women engaging in cross-border migrationörepresents one of these significant changes (Castles and Miller, 2009;Samers, 2010). (1) However, while the numerical and proportional increase in migrant women is significant, even more important is the recognition of migration as a gendered process (Donato et al, 2006;Silvey, 2004). Women's modes of entry and their circulation across space differ from men's. These movements tend to have different impacts upon women's and men's respective positions within labour markets as wel...

Women’s health and rights in the twenty-first century

“…1 | Timeline of key events in women's health and rights. Key events relating to women's rights are shown on top (blue boxes), and those relating to women's health are shown at the bottom (pink boxes), from the suffragette movements through the second and third waves of feminism, highlighting shifts toward social change, cultural inclusion and intersectionality 15,[131][132][133] . The timeline highlights the critical links between women's rights and health, spurred by reproductive rights activism and supported by key United Nations agencies, notably WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA, alongside initiatives like 'Every Woman Every Child', 'Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality' and the 'Every Newborn Action Plan', which emphasize the crucial interconnection between women's well-being and their rights 63,64,101,103,[134][135][136][137] .…”

“…Our focus on the intersectionality between women's SRHR is both a reflection of and a response to the mandates set forth by the ICPD and the SDGs 3,[12][13][14] as well as a call to implement their respective agendas. The urgency of this endeavor is compounded by the current global polycrisis marked by the disproportionate impact of climate change on the world's women and children, demographic pressures underlined by increased population migration, emerging disease outbreaks and the politicization of women's sexual and reproductive health [15][16][17][18][19][20] .…”

Editorial: Spatial Justice in Europe. Territoriality, Mobility and Peripherality

“…local attachment, elective belonging, and multi-local belonging) that continue to matter to most people (Solari & Gambarotto, 2014;Tomaney, 2015). Territorial attachment and belonging, at various scales, is dynamic in nature, creates socio-spatial arrangements, and produces cultural landscapes (Blunt, 2007). This line of thinking has a couple of implications: first, local attachment has a specific moral content that cannot be reduced to generic feelings or emotions and which invokes particular imaginaries (Tomaney, 2012(Tomaney, , 2017; and second, place belongingness (feeling 'at home') is complemented by belonging as a resource for socio-spatial inclusion/exclusion (politics of belonging) (Antonsich, 2010).…”

Access, Enrollment and Retention: The Case of Secondary Female Refugee Education in Kakuma Refugee Camp and Kalobeyei Settlement in Northwestern Kenya

“…This works in tandem with feminism which seeks to understand the disadvantages experienced by women based on their gender, race, and class (Bastia et al 2011).…”

“…Within feminist theory, the concept of intersectionality appeared in the 1980s to better understand and analyze the "double (or triple) disadvantage experienced by some groups of women on the basis of gender, race, and class" (Bastia et al 2011(Bastia et al , p. 1495. For this study, the use of feminist intersectionality is important because it helps us understand the roles and positionalities of refugee women and girls in Kakuma and Kalobeyei and the impact that these intersections have on the multiple facets of their lives.…”