Guidance on Safety/Health for Process Intensification Including MS Design. Part III: Risk Analysis

Abstract

The new technology of process intensification by multiscale equipment can significantly contribute to achieve a safer design by going from batch/semi-batch to continuous operation combined with a reduction of inventory of hazardous substances in critical stages. On the other hand, the shift to higher space-time-yields comprises new risks such as runaway reactions with hot spot formation, described in Part I, and handling an explosive atmosphere in the presence of potential permanent ignition sources, described in Part II. A tool was developed for preliminary risk assessments, called HAZOP-LIKE study, to cover the characteristic features of micro-designed equipment that are relatively unimportant when handling conventional equipment. Two generic cases concerning liquid/liquid and gas/gas reactions were studied to demonstrate the method.

Guidance on Safety/Health for Process Intensification Including MS Design. Part IV: Case Studies

“…The HAZOP-LIKE study intends to combine the advantages of the HAZOP method, being comprehensive by guidance of well-defined and codified guiding words for potential deviations, with the flexibility of the PHA method to identify hazards of a chemical process at an early stage in process design. The characteristics of this approach are (Part III [5]): -Effects of process deviations are identified in a concise and comprehensive manner. -It is applicable to thermodynamic systems and fluid flows.…”

“…In "Part III: Risk Analysis" of the "Guidance on Safety/ Health for Process Intensification Including MS Design" [5], a tool was developed for preliminary risk assessment, called HAZOP-LIKE study, to cover characteristic features of microdesigned equipment that are relatively unimportant when handling conventional equipment. Two generic cases on a liquid/ liquid and a gas/gas reaction are prepared.…”

Beyond Organometallic Flow Chemistry: The Principles Behind the Use of Continuous-Flow Reactors for Synthesis

“…in catalyst beds, 147 which can serve as an ignition source. [148][149][150][151] Surface effects are also important as they can initiate the decomposition of compounds, e.g. steel reactors can initiate radical formation.…”

Bridging the gap: A nested-pipe reactor for slow reactions in continuous flow chemical synthesis

“…With regard to the operational risks expected from the production of [EMIM]EtSO 4 , a systematic evaluation of the potential hazards was performed in cooperation with a team of industrial experts [10][11][12][13]. In order to minimise potential hazards related to handling of chemicals and operation of the demonstrator facility, a number of preventive design measures were taken (Table 3).…”