A Bayesian approach is proposed to quantitatively identify damages in beam-like structures using experimentally measured guided wave signals. The proposed methodology treats the damage location, length and depth as unknown parameters. Damage identification is achieved by solving an optimization problem, in which a hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to maximize the probability density function (PDF) of a damage scenario conditional on the measured guided wave signals. Signal envelopes extracted by the Hilbert transform are proposed to minimize the complexity of the optimization problem in order to enhance the robustness and computational efficiency of the damage identification. One of the advantages of the proposed methodology is that instead of only pinpointing the multivariate damage characteristics, the uncertainty associated with the damage identification results is also quantified. This outcome provides essential information for making decisions about the remedial work necessary to repair structural damage. The experimental data consists of guided wave signals measured at a single location of the beams. A number of experimental case studies considering damages of different scenarios are used to demonstrate the success of the proposed Bayesian approach in identifying the damages. The results show that the proposed approach is able to accurately identify damages, even when the extent of the damage is small.
KeywordsBayesian approach, guided waves, beam, damage identification, probability density function
IntroductionInfrastructure plays an important role in our daily life. It enhances access to public services and both physical and service sector resources (e.g., bridges, buildings, aerospace, pipeline, wind energy generation as well as land and water transport infrastructure). The aging and deterioration of engineered infrastructure across the developed world have therefore become a universal challenge for governments and industries. Thus, monitoring structural integrity to enhance the sustainability and reliability of both new and old structures, and the reduction of their life cycle costs have become increasingly important.Accumulation of damage over the lifespan of a structure without adequate and timely inspection can lead to catastrophic failure. Various damage detection techniques have been developed over many years. These are typified by conventional ultrasonic, acoustic emission, eddy-current, vibration-based and guided wave techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . Vibration-based and guided wave techniques in particular have attracted much attention. Vibration-based techniques detect damages using the dynamic characteristics of structures have been extensively studied in the last two decades 8-12 but detection of damage mainly depends on successfully recognising changes in the vibration characteristics of the structures being tested. Guided wave techniques, on the other hand, use mechanical stress waves propagated at ultrasonic frequencies along natural boundaries in t...