Guidelines for prescribing melatonin

Avery, D. H.; M, Lenz; Landis, Clark R.

doi:10.3109/07853899808999394

Cited by 43 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Adverse reactions of melatonin may occur, such as fever on the first day of melatonin treatment, hyperkinesia or complaints of restless legs, menorrhagia, pigmentation on arms and legs, headache and abdominal reactions, thrombosis and drowsiness [16,17,144,145]. Apart from these adverse reactions, early and long-term application of melatonin may at least slow down the development of AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin in Alzheimer’s Disease

Lin

Qiong-xia

Yang

et al. 2013

IJMS

189

127

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with progressive cognition deficit, is characterized by extracellular senile plaques (SP) of aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, mainly containing the hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau. Multiple factors contribute to the etiology of AD in terms of initiation and progression. Melatonin is an endogenously produced hormone in the brain and decreases during aging and in patients with AD. Data from clinical trials indicate that melatonin supplementation improves sleep, ameliorates sundowning and slows down the progression of cognitive impairment in AD patients. Melatonin efficiently protects neuronal cells from Aβ-mediated toxicity via antioxidant and anti-amyloid properties. It not only inhibits Aβ generation, but also arrests the formation of amyloid fibrils by a structure-dependent interaction with Aβ. Our studies have demonstrated that melatonin efficiently attenuates Alzheimer-like tau hyperphosphorylation. Although the exact mechanism is still not fully understood, a direct regulatory influence of melatonin on the activities of protein kinases and protein phosphatases is proposed. Additionally, melatonin also plays a role in protecting the cholinergic system and in anti-inflammation. The aim of this review is to stimulate interest in melatonin as a potentially useful agent in the prevention and treatment of AD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin in Alzheimer’s Disease

Lin

Qiong-xia

Yang

et al. 2013

IJMS

189

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Melatonin inhibits ACTH-mediated cortisol secretion [87] , decreases the cortisol release, and enhances the negative feedback in the HPA axis to restore this system [88] . It should be noted that the time of administration of melatonin is extremely important [89] : taking it before bedtime leads to an earlier sleep-wake cycle, which may improve the sleep diffi culties and other symptoms, but aggravate the earlier wake-up symptoms; taking it at a relatively late time might postpone the sleep-wake cycle, which helps to improve the symptom of earlier wake-up. However, a number of studies have shown that melatonin can only improve sleep, but does not relieve the symptoms of depression [85] .…”

Section: The Circadian Rhythm Disorder Hypothesis and New Targets Formentioning

confidence: 99%

New hypothesis and treatment targets of depression: an integrated view of key findings

2015

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and devastating psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent low mood, cognitive disorder, and impaired social function. Despite its complex mechanisms, increasing evidence has identified the involvement of neurotrophic factors, inflammatory cytokines, the hypothalamuspituitary-adrenal axis, and glutamate receptors in the pathophysiology of this illness. The present review synthesizes recent research achievements to defi ne the network between different hypotheses of MDD and to understand which part is most pivotal for its pathogenesis. By integrating MDD-related signal pathways, we highlight brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) dysfunction and increased apoptosis as the fi nal common cascades, and new therapeutic strategies aiming to enhance BDNF function have been shown to exert a rapid and effective antidepressant action.

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“…Nocturnal secretion of melatonin and its suppression by bright light regulate circadian rhythms and sleep. 26 Sleep disturbances occur when melatonin secretion is dyssynchronous from the light-dark cycle. 27 Melatonin secretion decreases with age and may be partly responsible for sleep disorders in the elderly.…”

Section: Pharmacologic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Primary Insomnia

Ringdahl¹,

Pereira²,

Delzell³

2004

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

100

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Ten percent to 40% of adults have intermittent insomnia, and 15% have long-term sleep difficulties. This article provides a review of the classification, differential diagnosis, and treatment options available for insomnia. We performed a MEDLINE search using OVID and the key words "insomnia," "sleeplessness," "behavior modification," "herbs," "medicinal," and "pharmacologic therapy." Articles were selected based on their relevance to the topic. Evaluation of insomnia includes a careful sleep history, review of medical history, review of medication use (including over-the-counter and herbal medications), family history, and screening for depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. Population-based studies estimate that 10% to 40% of American adults have intermittent insomnia; 10% to 15% have long-term sleep difficulties. 2Insomnia has been associated with decreases in work performance and increases in motor vehicle accidents and hospitalization rates.3 Cost estimates for lost productivity and insomnia-related accidents exceed $100 billion per year. 4 The purpose of this review is to provide a current review of the classification, the differential diagnosis, and treatment options for insomnia. We performed a MEDLINE search using OVID and the key words "insomnia," "sleeplessness," "behavior modification," "herbs," "medicinal," and "pharmacologic therapy." Abstracts were reviewed by 2 of the authors (ENR, SLP). Articles were then selected based on relevance to the topical review.

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Guidelines for prescribing melatonin

Cited by 43 publications

References 65 publications

Melatonin in Alzheimer’s Disease

Melatonin in Alzheimer’s Disease

New hypothesis and treatment targets of depression: an integrated view of key findings

Treatment of Primary Insomnia

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