Guidelines for the Characterization of Porous Solids

Rouquérol, J.; Avnir, David; Everett, D. H.; Fairbridge, Craig; Haynes, Michael; Pernicone, N.; Ramsay, J.D.F.; Sing, K. S. W.; Unger, Klaus K.

doi:10.1016/s0167-2991(08)63059-1

Cited by 116 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…However, recent studies have shown numerous advantages and possibilities for the use of discarded glasses to obtain glass foams [1][2][3] . The use of glass foams is viable in applications involving temperatures lower than 500 °C, for example in thermal insulation systems used in building such as panels, blocks, roofs, fireplaces, grills, among others 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…which can be opened, closed or mixed. The pore size, according to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) 2 can be classified as micro (<2 nm), meso (2-50 nm) or macropores (>50 nm). The distribution and amount of pores determine specific properties, such as low density and thermal conductivity, high surface area, permeability and chemical and thermal stability 1,4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Insulating Foams Produced From Glass Waste and Banana Leaves

et al. 2016

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In this work, compositions containing transparent glass bottles and banana leaves (desiccated and crushed), with different mass fractions (30-50%), were prepared for obtaining cellular materials for thermal insulation purposes. The formulated and prepared compositions were uniaxially pressed (10 MPa) and the compact powders fired between 700 and 850°C for 30 min in order to investigate the effect of the banana leaves on the formation of pores and on the thermal and mechanical properties of the processed glass foams. The results indicated that the obtained glass foams with porosities between 58.5 and 87.5%, compressive strength ranging between 1.17 and 3.50 MPa and thermal conductivity ranging between 0.06 and 0.15 W/mK, are potential candidates to work as thermal insulators with appropriate properties for a specific application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Insulating Foams Produced From Glass Waste and Banana Leaves

et al. 2016

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“…According to the IUPAC recommendation [35], all isotherms presented in this figure can be classified as type IV. As follows from the analysis of their shape, the initial sample of biochar prepared from wheat straw (WSini, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the isotherms of the samples modified in the fluidal (WS-H 2 O, WS-CO 2 ) and microwave (WS-micro) reactors are characterized by large adsorption at low p/p 0 which indicates microporosity (particularly in the case of the sample WS-CO 2 ) and also by distinct hysteresis loops evidencing development of mesopores structure. According to the IUPAC classification [35], these loops belong to the H3 type indicating the occurrence of pores of slit-like shape and capillary of nonparallel walls, which is typical of carbon adsorbents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active carbons from waste biochars

Skubiszewska–Zięba

Charmas

Kołtowski

et al. 2017

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Studies of preparation of active carbons of good structural and adsorption properties based on commercial biochars, which become wastes after removal of precious volatile components from natural raw materials of different origin, i.e., from wheat straw, Miscanthus grass, walnut shells, and energetic willow were carried out. There was applied the physical activation under atmospheric pressure in the fluidal reactor using CO 2 or overheated steam and in the closed system in the high pressure microwave reactor under hydrothermal conditions. The obtained active carbons were investigated by means of adsorption (N 2 ), thermal (TG, DTG, DTA), spectral (Raman spectra) as well as electron microscopy methods. The adsorbents obtained as a result of modification were characterized by a welldeveloped porous structure and greater thermal resistance compared to the initial biochars.

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“…A porosidade pode ser classificada como aberta, fechada ou mista e, com relação ao seu tamanho, pode ser micro (menor que 2 nm), meso (2 a 50 nm) ou contendo macroporos (acima de 50 nm) [2,3]. As espumas vítreas, quando usadas como blocos estruturais, por exemplo, são fáceis de manusear e possuem excelente compatibilidade com o concreto, facilitando e agilizando a construção, com baixos custos de transporte.…”

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Produção e caracterização de espumas vitrocristalinas a partir de resíduos sólidos

et al. 2017

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RESUMONeste trabalho, foram produzidas espumas vitrocristalinas a partir de vidros de garrafas descartadas e casca de arroz (3 a 25% em massa), como agente porogênico. Diferentes composições foram preparadas de maneira a se obter materiais com porosidade controlada para aplicações, nas quais o isolamento térmico e a não-inflamabilidade são os principais requisitos técnicos. Os pós de cada matéria-prima (resíduos) foram homogeneizados e as misturas foram então prensadas uniaxialmente (20 MPa). Os compactos obtidos foram queimados em diferentes temperaturas (700 -950 o C) e tempos de patamares (30 -120 min). As matérias-primas e as espumas vitrocristalinas produzidas foram caracterizadas de acordo com suas propriedades químicas, físicas e estruturais. Os resultados mostraram que é possível produzir espumas vitrocristalinas a partir de composições otimizadas com 85% de vidros de garrafas e 15% de casca de arroz, queimadas a 900 o C por diferentes tempos. Tais espumas vitrocristalinas apresentaram porosidade variando entre 80 e 84% enquanto a condutividade térmica e a resistência mecânica à compressão variaram entre 0,068 e 0,082 W/m.K e entre 1,1 e 1,8 MPa, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Espumas vitrocristalinas. Casca de arroz. Isolantes térmicos. Resíduos sólidos. ABSTRACTVitrocrystalline foams from discarded glass bottles and rice husk (3 to 25 wt%) as pore forming agent were produced in this work. Different compositions were prepared in order to obtain materials with controlled porosity in applications where thermal insulation and non-flammability are major requirements. Well-homogenized powders of the formulated compositions were uniaxially pressed (20 MPa) and the obtained compacts fired at different temperatures (700 -950°C) and holding times (30 -120 min). Raw materials and the obtained vitrocrystalline foams were characterized according to their chemical, physical and structural properties. The results showed that it is possible to produce vitrocrystalline foams from optimized compositions containing 85% glass bottle and 15% rice husk, fired at 900 o C for different holding times. These vitrocrystalline foams presented porosity varied from 80 to 84% while the thermal conductivity and compressive strength varied between 0.068 and 0.082 W/m.K and from 1.1 to 1.8 MPa, respectively.

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Guidelines for the Characterization of Porous Solids

Cited by 116 publications

References 1 publication

Thermal Insulating Foams Produced From Glass Waste and Banana Leaves

Thermal Insulating Foams Produced From Glass Waste and Banana Leaves

Active carbons from waste biochars

Produção e caracterização de espumas vitrocristalinas a partir de resíduos sólidos

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