Guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic eye disease in India: A synopsis

Gilbert, Clare; Gordon, Iris; Mukherjee, Chandoshi; Govindhari, Vishal

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_1917_19

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Many of the chosen markers did not perform as well as previously reported. However, our results suggest possible use of circulating cystatin C as a triage test, as well as the known risk factors of age, race and ethnicity, duration of diabetes, and HbA 1c as a potentially valid method to identify individuals with STDR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicenter Evaluation of Diagnostic Circulating Biomarkers to Detect Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy

Gurudas

Frudd

Jayapal³

et al. 2022

JAMA Ophthalmol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicenter Evaluation of Diagnostic Circulating Biomarkers to Detect Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy

Gurudas

Frudd

Jayapal³

et al. 2022

JAMA Ophthalmol

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“… 5 Moreover, sight-threatening DR affects 5% of people with diabetes, that is, 4.5 million, which is stated to increase as the number of people with diabetes increases. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient and provider perspectives on barriers to screening for diabetic retinopathy: an exploratory study from southern India

Kumar

Velu

et al. 2020

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveDiabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of visual impairment after cataract and uncorrected refractive error. It has major public health implications globally, especially in countries such as India where the prevalence of diabetes is high. With timely screening and intervention, the disease progression to blindness can be prevented, but several barriers exist. As compliance to diabetic retinopathy screening in people with diabetes is very poor in India, this study was conducted to explore understanding of and barriers to diabetic retinopathy screening from the perspectives of patients and healthcare providers.MethodsUsing qualitative methods, 15 consenting adult patients with diabetes were selected purposively from those attending a large tertiary care private eye hospital in southern India. Eight semistructured interviews were carried out with healthcare providers working in large private hospitals. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the framework analytical approach.ResultsFour themes that best explained the data were recognising and living with diabetes, care-seeking practices, awareness about diabetic retinopathy and barriers to diabetic retinopathy screening. Findings showed that patients were aware of diabetes but understanding of diabetic retinopathy and its complications was poor. Absence of symptoms, difficulties in doctor–patient interactions and tedious nature of follow-up care were some major deterrents to care seeking reported by patients. Difficulties in communicating information about diabetic retinopathy to less literate patients, heavy work pressure and silent progression of the disease were major barriers to patients coming for follow-up care as reported by healthcare providers.ConclusionsEnhancing patient understanding through friendly doctor–patient interactions will promote trust in the doctor. The use of an integrated treatment approach including education by counsellors, setting up of patient support groups, telescreening approaches and use of conversation maps may prove more effective in the long run.

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“…Secreted from the lacrimal gland, tear fluid includes various proteins and lysozyme, which are helpful for understanding the prevalence of diseases behind the eye or in other parts of the body. For instance, the detection of glucose in tears can be used to detect eye diseases (e.g., glaucoma, dry eyes, macular edema, keratitis, corneal diseases 64 , diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic macular edema 65 , 66 ) in ophthalmology. The rates of blindness and retinopathy in individuals with high blood glucose are 25 times and 21–36% higher than those in healthy individuals, respectively 67 .…”

Section: Biochemical Sensing Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro/nanodevices for assessment and treatment in stomatology and ophthalmology

et al. 2021

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Micro/nanodevices have been widely applied for the real-time monitoring of intracellular activities and the delivery of exogenous substances in the past few years. This review focuses on miniaturized micro/nanodevices for assessment and treatment in stomatology and ophthalmology. We first summarize the recent progress in this field by examining the available materials and fabrication techniques, device design principles, mechanisms, and biosafety aspects of micro/nanodevices. Following a discussion of biochemical sensing technology from the cellular level to the tissue level for disease assessment, we then summarize the use of microneedles and other micro/nanodevices in the treatment of oral and ocular diseases and conditions, including oral cancer, eye wrinkles, keratitis, and infections. Along with the identified key challenges, this review concludes with future directions as a small fraction of vast opportunities, calling for joint efforts between clinicians and engineers with diverse backgrounds to help facilitate the rapid development of this burgeoning field in stomatology and ophthalmology.

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Guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic eye disease in India: A synopsis

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Multicenter Evaluation of Diagnostic Circulating Biomarkers to Detect Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy

Multicenter Evaluation of Diagnostic Circulating Biomarkers to Detect Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy

Patient and provider perspectives on barriers to screening for diabetic retinopathy: an exploratory study from southern India

Micro/nanodevices for assessment and treatment in stomatology and ophthalmology

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