Guiding and blocking of highly charged ions through a single glass capillary

Experiments and simulations of 4.5-keVAr7+−ionguiding through a conical glass macrocapillary

“…The guiding power can be accounted for by the characteristic guiding angle f/c, for which the normalized transmission fraction drops as M e )//® ) = \/especific cases of macrocapillaries, an intensity minimum was observed at zero tilt angle (ft = 0) by Nakayama et al [13] and Kreller et al [17], In the latter work, the transmission curves could be fitted by a difference of two Gauss functions. The intensity minimum was qualitatively explained by the repulsive Coulomb force of a uniformly charged region within the capillary, which is supposed to block the ion transmission.…”

“…These studies confirmed the capillary guiding for various materials and revealed the dominant properties of the guiding mechanisms. Moreover, guiding of charged particles was successfully performed with single straight capillaries [11][12][13][14], single tapered capillaries [15][16][17], and between parallel glass plates [18]. The work with tapered capillaries was motivated by the aim to produce a beam whose direction may be controlled in microscopic dimensions.…”

Peculiarities of Swift Proton Transmission through Tapered Glass Capillaries

“…Slightly tapered glass capillaries with micro or submicro outlet diameters attract much attention as ion beam focusing lens [1][2][3][4]. The smallest beam spot size obtained so far was 0.3 µm [1].…”

“…The smallest beam spot size obtained so far was 0.3 µm [1]. Previous studies have demonstrated the focusing effect with respect to many kinds of ions and energies [1][2][3][4]. The focusing factor of a glass capillary, defined as the ratio of areal current density at the inlet and outlet, depends on the ion species, the incident energies and the shape of glass capillary.…”

“…The focusing factor of a glass capillary, defined as the ratio of areal current density at the inlet and outlet, depends on the ion species, the incident energies and the shape of glass capillary. This factor of 8 keV Ar 8+ is about 10 and for 2 MeV He + beam amounts to about 1000 [1][2][3][4]. The purpose of the present report is to study the dependence of proton transmission through capillaries on capillary taper angles.…”